Uburyo bwo Gukoresha Ibyuma Bipima Ubushyuhe n'Ubushuhe mu Inzu Itunganya Ibihumyo

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryaibipimo by'ubushyuhe n'ubushuheMu nzego zitandukanye, ikoranabuhanga rigenda rirushaho kuba rinini, kandi ikoranabuhanga rigenda rirushaho gukura. Mu bice byinshi by’ubuhinzi bw’ibihumyo, buri cyumba cy’ibihumyo gifite inshingano zo kugenzura ubushyuhe buhoraho, gukumira imyuka mibi, guhumeka n’ibindi. Muri byo, buri cyumba cy’ibihumyo gishyirwaho na sisitemu yo kugenzura ibidukikije yikora, ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe rikoreshwa cyane muri ubwo bwoko bw’ibikoresho.

Nkuko tubizi, icyumba cy’ibihumyo gifite ibisabwa byinshi ku bijyanye n’urumuri, ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe bw’ibidukikije, ndetse n’ubushuhe buri mu gikapu cy’ibihumyo. Ubusanzwe, icyumba cy’inkombe gifite agasanduku k’uburyo bwo kugenzura ibidukikije, gashinzwe kugenzura ibidukikije mu buryo bwikora. Agasanduku karangwa n’amakuru nk’ubushyuhe, ubushuhe n’ubwinshi bwa dioxyde de carbone.

Muri byo, umubare uhoraho ni wo mubare mwiza wo guteza imbere ikura ry'ibihumyo biribwa; Indi nkingi yo guhindura Imibare, ni amakuru y'igihe nyacyo mu cyumba cy'ibihumyo. Iyo icyumba kimaze gutandukana n'amakuru yashyizweho, agasanduku k'igenzura kazahinduka mu buryo bwikora.

Ubushyuhe ni cyo kintu kigira uruhare runini mu miterere y’ibidukikije, kandi ni na cyo kintu kigira ingaruka cyane ku musaruro, ikorwa n’ikoreshwa ry’ibihumyo biribwa. Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose n’ubwoko bwose bw’imiti ya mycelium bugira ubushyuhe bwayo bwo gukura, ubushyuhe bukwiye bwo gukura n’ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukura, ariko kandi bugira ubushyuhe bwayo bwo hejuru n’ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwo gupfa. Mu gukora ubwoko bw’ibihumyo, ubushyuhe bwo guhingwa bushyirwa mu rugero rukwiye rw’ubushyuhe bwo gukura. Muri rusange, kwihanganira ibihumyo biribwa ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru ni bike cyane ugereranyije n’ubushyuhe bwo hasi. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko imikorere, gukura no kwihanganira ubwoko bw’ibihumyo biribwa ku bushyuhe bwo hasi byari hejuru ugereranyije n’ibihingwa biribwa ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Ikibazo cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi si ubushyuhe bwo hasi ahubwo ni ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mu guhingwa kw'ibimera, gukura kwa hypha kwagabanutse cyane cyangwa ndetse no guhagarara nyuma y'uko ubushyuhe burenze urugero rw'ubushyuhe bukwiye. Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse kugeza ku gukura kwabwo, nubwo mycelia ishobora gukomeza gukura, ariko, igihe cyo guhagarara cyagize umuhondo woroshye cyangwa umukara woroshye. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kwandura kwa bagiteri kwakunze kubaho.

Muri rusange, mu cyiciro cyo gukura kwa hyphae y'ibihumyo biribwa, ingano ikwiye y'amazi mu bimera muri rusange ni 60% ~ 65%, kandi amazi akenewe mu mubiri w'ibimera aba menshi mu cyiciro cyo kubaho. Kubera guhumeka no kwinjiza imbuto, amazi mu bimera ahora agabanuka. Byongeye kandi, niba inzu y'ibihumyo ishobora kugumana ubushuhe runaka mu kirere, bishobora no gukumira amazi menshi mu gihingwa. Uretse ingano ihagije y'amazi, ibihumyo biribwa nabyo bikenera ubushuhe runaka mu kirere. Ubushuhe bukwiriye gukura kwa mycelium muri rusange ni 80% ~ 95%. Iyo ubushuhe buri munsi ya 60%, umubiri w'ibihumyo by'ibihumyo bitangira gukura uhagarara. Iyo ubushuhe buri munsi ya 45%, umubiri w'ibihumyo ntuzongera gutandukana, kandi ibihumyo bikiri bito biruma bigapfa. Bityo ubushuhe bw'ikirere ni ingenzi cyane mu buhinzi bw'ibihumyo biribwa.