Ikime Cyiza vs Amatara Wakagombye Kumenya

Akamaro ka Dew Point hamwe nubushuhe butose

Ikime Cyumubyimba nubushyuhe Bwubushyuhe Byombi ni ngombwa kuri

1. Ingingo y'ikime

Ikime ni ubushyuhe umwuka uba wuzuyemo ubushuhe, bivuze ko umwuka utagishoboye gufata ubuhehere bwose muburyo bwumwuka wamazi. Kuri ubu bushyuhe, ubushuhe butangira kwiyegeranya mumazi meza, bikora ikime. Dore impamvu ari ngombwa:

• Ihumure ryabantu: Ingingo yikime kinini (mubisanzwe hejuru ya 60 ° F cyangwa 15 ° C) ituma abantu bumva bashyushye kandi ntiborohewe kuko ikirere gifite ubuhehere bwinshi. Imibiri yacu irakonja binyuze mu guhumeka ibyuya. Iyo ikime kiri hejuru, iyi nzira yo guhumeka itinda, bigatuma yumva ubushyuhe burenze ubushyuhe bwibidukikije.

• Iteganyagihe: Ikime cyifashishwa mu iteganyagihe kugira ngo gifashe guhanura ibicu n'imvura. Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse kugera ku kime, ibicu birashobora gutangira kubaho, kandi nibikomeza kugabanuka, imvura irashobora kubaho.

• Ubuhinzi: Kumenya ikime birashobora gufasha abahinzi kumenya ibihe by'ubukonje. Niba ubushyuhe buteganijwe kugabanuka munsi yubukonje kandi buri hafi yikime, ubukonje burashobora gushingwa, bishobora kwangiza imyaka.

2. Ubushyuhe butose

Ubushyuhe butose nubushyuhe bwo hasi bushobora kugerwaho no guhumeka amazi mukirere. Ipimwa no gutwikira itara rya termometero hamwe nigitambaro gitose no guhumeka umwuka hejuru yacyo. Akamaro k'ubushyuhe butose burimo:

• Sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Ubushyuhe butose nibyingenzi muri sisitemu zikoresha umwuka mubi kugirango ukonje, nkiminara yo gukonjesha mumashanyarazi cyangwa gukonjesha ibishanga. Yerekana ubushyuhe bwo hasi sisitemu nkiyi ishobora kugeraho.

• Iteganyagihe: Ubushyuhe butose burashobora kwerekana uburyo ubukonje bushobora kubaho bitewe no guhumeka. Meteorologiya, ibi birashobora gufasha guhanura ibintu nkimvura cyangwa shelegi. Kurugero, niba ubushyuhe butose buri munsi yubukonje, imvura iyo ari yo yose ishobora kuba urubura aho kuba imvura.

• Ubushyuhe: Guhuza ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe bugereranije burashobora guteza akaga. Mu bihe bikabije, iyo ubushyuhe butose bwegereje cyangwa burenze 35 ° C (95 ° F), umubiri wumuntu ntushobora kongera gukonja binyuze mu kubira ibyuya. Ibi birashobora guhitana abantu mugihe hagaragaye igihe kirekire hatabayeho gukonjesha.

• Ubuhinzi: Ubushyuhe butose nabwo bukoreshwa mubuhinzi kugirango bifashe gusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwamatungo.

Muri make, ikime cyombi hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro nibyingenzi mubikorwa bitandukanye, kuva gusobanukirwa ihumure ryabantu kugeza guhanura ikirere no kwemeza imikorere yinganda. Zitanga ubushishozi mubushuhe bwikirere hamwe ningaruka zishobora kugira kuri sisitemu n'ibinyabuzima bitandukanye.

Ubushyuhe bwa Dewpoint Niki

Ubushyuhe bwa Dewpoint

Ubushyuhe bw'ikime ni ubushyuhe umwuka uba wuzuyemo ubushuhe, bivuze ko itagishoboye gufata imyuka yose y'amazi. Iyo ubushyuhe bwikirere bukonje kugera ku kime, ubuhehere burenze butangira kwiyegeranya mumazi meza. Nibikorwa bishinzwe gushiraho ikime mugitondo gikonje cyangwa kondegene hanze yikinyobwa gikonje.

Tubivuze mu buryo bworoshe: Niba ikirere gikonje kugirango ubushyuhe bwacyo butangire, kondegene izotangura gukora. Iyegeranya rishobora kugaragara nkikime ku byatsi, igihu mu kirere, cyangwa ubukonje niba ikime kiri munsi yubukonje.

Ubushyuhe Bwinshi Niki

Ubushyuhe butose

Ubushyuhe butose nubushyuhe umwuka ushobora gukonjeshwa no guhumeka amazi muri yo, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha buzana umwuka wuzuye. Byemejwe hakoreshejwe termometero ifite itara ryiziritse mu mwenda utose, bityo izina "itara ritose." Amazi ava mu mwenda, akonjesha ubushuhe. Ubu bushyuhe bwo gusoma, mubihe bigenda bihinduka, ni ubushyuhe butose.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yikime nubushyuhe butose?

Itandukaniro Hagati ya Dew point na Wet Bulb Ubushyuhe

1. Ibisobanuro:

Ubushyuhe bwa Dewpoint: Ubushyuhe umwuka wuzura nubushuhe, biganisha ku guhumeka umwuka wamazi mumazi meza (ikime).
Ubushyuhe butose: Ubushyuhe bwo hasi cyane umwuka ushobora gukonjeshwa no guhumeka amazi muri yo, hamwe nibikorwa bizana umwuka wuzuye.

2. Igipimo:

Ikibanza: Ntibisaba igikoresho cyihariye cyo gupima mu buryo butaziguye. Bikunze gukomoka kubipimo by'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bugereranije.
Amatara atose: Yapimwe ukoresheje termometero hamwe nigitereko cyacyo cyiziritse mumyenda itose. Mugihe amazi azimye mumyenda, therometero yandika ubushyuhe butose.

3. Icyerekana:

Ikime: Itanga icyerekezo cyerekana ubwinshi bwamazi yo mu kirere. Ikime cyo hejuru cyerekana ubushuhe bwinshi naho ubundi.
Amatara atose: Yerekana ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha. Biterwa nubushyuhe bwikirere hamwe nubushuhe.

4. Isano nubushuhe:

Ikime: Ikime kinini cyerekana ubwinshi bw’amazi menshi mu kirere, hatitawe ku bushyuhe bw’ikirere.
Amatara atose: Nubwo agaragaza ubuhehere, binaterwa nubushyuhe bwikirere. Ubushyuhe butose buzahora hagati yubushyuhe bwikirere nubushyuhe bwikime.

5. Akamaro muri Phenomena y'Ibihe:

Ikime: Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bugabanutse ku kime, kondegene itangira kuboneka, ishobora gutera ikime, ubukonje, cyangwa igihu.
Itara ryinshi: Ifasha mukumenyesha ubwoko bwimvura, nkimvura izahinduka urubura cyangwa imvura ikonje.

6. Gusaba:

Dewpoint: Byakoreshejwe cyane mugupima urwego rwimibereho yabantu mugihe cyiteganyagihe no guteganya ubukonje mubuhinzi.

Amatara atose: Nibyingenzi mubikorwa birimo gukonjesha umwuka, nko muminara ikonjesha cyangwa gukonjesha ibishanga, no gusuzuma imiterere yubushyuhe.

Mubusanzwe, mugihe ubushyuhe bwikime nubushyuhe butanga ubushishozi kubijyanye nubushuhe bwimiterere yikirere,

babikora muburyo butandukanye kandi bafite porogaramu zitandukanye haba mubumenyi bwikirere ninganda.

Nigute Kubara Ikime Cyaturutse Mubushyuhe Bwinshi?

Kubara ikime giturutse ku bushyuhe butose hamwe nubushyuhe bwumye (bakunze kwita "ubushyuhe bwikirere" cyangwa "ubushyuhe bwibidukikije") bisaba gusobanukirwa nubusabane bwa psychrometrike, bukunze kugaragara ku mbonerahamwe ya psychrometrike. Ibiharuro birashobora kuba ingorabahizi bitewe nuburyo butari umurongo wimibanire hagati yubushyuhe bwikirere, ubushuhe, nubushuhe.

Nyamara, kugirango ubare ikime kiva mubushyuhe butose, ugomba kumenya ubushyuhe bwumuriro nubushyuhe bwumutse (ubushyuhe bwikirere busanzwe). Hamwe nindangagaciro zombi, urashobora gukoresha ibipimo bya psychrometrike cyangwa imbonerahamwe ya psychrometric.

Dore urucacagu rwibanze rwuburyo ibi bikorwa:

1. Gukoresha Imbonerahamwe ya Psychrometric:

Shakisha ubushyuhe bwumye kuri x-axis.
Himura uhagaritse kuva iyi ngingo kugeza igihe uhurira n'umurongo ugereranya ubushyuhe butose (iyi ni imirongo ya diagonal iramanuka hepfo).
Uhereye kuri iri sangano, jya utambitse ujya ibumoso kugirango usome ubushyuhe bwikime kuri x-axis.

2. Gukoresha Ikigereranyo:

Hariho ibigereranyo bifatika biva mumiterere yumuyaga mwinshi, ushobora kuguha ubushyuhe bwikime bushingiye kubisomwa bitose kandi byumye. Iri gereranya ririmo kandi mubisanzwe bisaba ibisubizo byisubiramo. Bazirikana kandi igitutu, kubwibyo birasobanutse neza kurwego rutandukanye.
Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kugereranya iyi ntego ni Magnus-Tetens. Ariko, kubishyira mubikorwa bisaba gusobanukirwa neza amahame ya termodinamike.

3. Gukoresha software cyangwa ibikoresho byo kumurongo:

Hano hari porogaramu nyinshi hamwe nibikoresho byo kumurongo biboneka bishobora gutanga vuba ikime mugihe cyahawe itara ryinshi nubushyuhe bwumye. Ibi bikoresho byubatswe muburyo bwo kugereranya imitekerereze kandi bitanga igisubizo cyoroshye kubadashaka gucengera kubara intoki cyangwa imbonerahamwe.
Kubikorwa byuzuye cyangwa muburyo bwumwuga, ibikoresho byihariye byitwa hygrometero cyangwa psychrometero bikoreshwa mugupima ubushyuhe bwumye kandi butose ubushyuhe butaziguye, aho ikime gishobora gukomoka.

Mubihe bya buri munsi, cyane cyane iyo bidasobanutse neza bidakenewe, gushingira ku mbonerahamwe cyangwa ibikoresho byo kumurongo nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane.

Nigute ushobora gukurikirana Ikime Cyaturutse Mubushyuhe Bwinshi?

Kugenzura aho ikime ukoresheje ubushyuhe butose bisaba gukoresha igikoresho cyitwa sling psychrometer cyangwa igikoresho gisa. Imashini ya slingrometero irimo ibipimo bibiri bya termometero: imwe yo gupima ubushyuhe bwumye (ubushyuhe bwikirere busanzwe) nundi hamwe nigitereko cyacyo cyiziritse mumashanyarazi kugirango bapime ubushyuhe bwumuriro.

Dore uko ushobora gukurikirana ikime ukoresheje ubushyuhe butose:

1. Gukoresha Sling Psychrometer:

Gutegura: Ihanagura wick ya tombora itose ya termometero n'amazi yatoboye. Menya neza ko wick itose neza ariko idatonyanga cyane.
Slinging: Fata psychrometero ukoresheje ukuboko kwayo hanyuma uzunguruke mu kirere iminota mike. Ibi bituma habaho guhumeka cyane kuva kuri wick itose, gukonjesha itara ryinshi rya termometero kugeza ku bushyuhe bwaryo bwo hasi.
Gusoma Ubushyuhe: Nyuma yo gukubita, soma ubushyuhe kuri termometero zombi ako kanya. Ubushyuhe bwa termometero butanga ubushyuhe bwumye, mugihe imwe ifite wick yatose itanga ubushyuhe bwumuriro.

2. Kugena Ingingo Ikime Cyasomwe:

Imbonerahamwe ya Psychrometric: Hamwe nubushyuhe bwumye hamwe nubushyuhe butose buzwi, urashobora kwifashisha kumeza ya psychrometricike kugirango ubone ikime. Izi mbonerahamwe zitanga ikime cyo guhuza ibice bitandukanye byo gusoma byumye kandi bitose.
Imbonerahamwe ya Psychrometricike: Bisa nimbonerahamwe, iyi mbonerahamwe yerekana neza isano iri hagati yubushyuhe bwikirere, ibirimo ubuhehere, nibindi biranga ikirere. Menya ubushyuhe bwawe bwumye kuri x-axis, wimuke uhagarike kugeza uhujije umurongo w'ubushyuhe butose, hanyuma wimuke utambitse ibumoso kugirango ubone ikime.
Ibikoresho byo kumurongo hamwe na software: Porogaramu zitandukanye za software hamwe na calculatrice kumurongo bigufasha kwinjiza ubushyuhe bwumye kandi butose kugirango ubone vuba ikime.

3. Gukurikirana bikomeje:

Niba ukeneye guhora ukurikirana ikime, tekereza kuri metero ya ikime ya metero cyangwa hygrometero. Ibi bikoresho akenshi bikoresha ibyuma byifashishwa bigezweho kandi birashobora gutanga mu buryo butaziguye igihe cyo gusoma cyimeza kidakenewe kubara intoki.
Byinshi muribi bikoresho bya elegitoronike birashobora kandi kwinjiza amakuru mugihe, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro kubisabwa bisaba gukurikirana igihe kirekire cyangwa gusesengura ibintu.

Mubusanzwe, mugihe sling psychrometero itanga uburyo bwintoki bwo kugenzura ikime kiva mubushyuhe butose, ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bitanga igisubizo cyoroshye kandi cyigihe-cyo kugenzura bikomeje. Guhitamo hagati yuburyo bizaterwa nibyo ukeneye byihariye, urwego rwukuri rusabwa, hamwe nibikoresho bihari.

Gushyira Ikime Cyumwanya Uhereye Kubushyuhe Bwinshi?

Igenamigambi ryikime giturutse ku bushyuhe butose bufite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mubice bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa ikime gitanga ubushishozi mubushuhe bwikirere, bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri sisitemu nyinshi. Dore bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi:

1. Iteganyagihe:

Ikime gifasha abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere guhanura ibihe by'ikirere nk'igihu, ubukonje, n'ikime. Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bugabanutse kugera ku kime, kondegene irashobora gukora, biganisha kuri ibyo bintu.
Ifasha kandi gusobanukirwa nubushyuhe nubushuhe, bigira uruhare muburyo bwo gukora ibicu nubwoko bwimvura.

2. HVAC (Gushyushya, Guhumeka, no Guhindura ikirere):

Mugushushanya sisitemu ya HVAC, gusobanukirwa aho ikime gishobora gufasha mukureba ko ubuso buri muri sisitemu (nkibishishwa bikonjesha) butagera ku bushyuhe buri munsi yikime, gishobora kuvamo ubukonje butifuzwa.

Ikime cyimeza nacyo gifasha mugutezimbere imikorere ya dehumidifiers.

3. Inzira zinganda:

Mu nganda aho kugenzura ubuhehere ari ngombwa, nka farumasi, inganda za elegitoroniki, no gutunganya ibiribwa, kumenya aho ikime gishobora kwemeza ubuziranenge n’umutekano.
Gukurikirana ingingo yikime ningirakamaro mubikorwa nko kumisha kugirango tumenye neza nibisubizo byifuzwa.

4. Ubuhinzi:

Abahinzi barashobora gukoresha amakuru yikime kugirango bamenye ibihe by'ubukonje. Iyo ubushyuhe buteganijwe kugabanuka kugera ku kime cyangwa munsi yacyo, kandi aho ikime kiri munsi cyangwa munsi yubukonje, ubukonje burashobora gushingwa, bishobora kwangiza imyaka.
Ikime kirashobora kandi gufasha mugusobanukirwa ibikenerwa byo kuhira no gutezimbere ikirere.

5. Ibikorwa byo gushushanya no gutwikira:

Mu nganda aho usanga irangi cyangwa irangi, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ubushyuhe bwubuso buri hejuru yikime. Bitabaye ibyo, ubushuhe burashobora kwiyongera hejuru, biganisha ku gufatana nabi cyangwa inenge kurangiza.

6. Sisitemu yo mu kirere ifunitse:

Ikurikiranwa ry'ikime muri sisitemu zo mu kirere zifunitse zemeza ko umwuka wumye bihagije kugira ngo wirinde kwiyegeranya mu bikoresho bya pneumatike, imiyoboro, cyangwa ikoreshwa rya nyuma. Ibi nibyingenzi mukurinda ruswa, gushiraho urubura mubihe bikonje, no gukomeza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byanyuma.

7. Inzira ya Cryogenic:

Mu nganda zikoreshwa ubushyuhe buke cyane, nko gutembera gaze, gusobanukirwa aho ikime ni ngombwa kugirango hirindwe impinduka zidakenewe cyangwa zegeranye.

8. Ubuzima no guhumurizwa:

Mu kubaka igishushanyo mbonera no gutunganya imijyi, gusobanukirwa ikime birashobora gufasha mukurema ubuzima bwiza nakazi keza. Ikime kinini gishobora gutuma ibidukikije byunvikana cyangwa bitameze neza.

Muri make, kumenya ikime kiva mubushuhe butose butanga porogaramu nyinshi mubice bitandukanye, bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza, ibicuruzwa byiza, umutekano, no guhumurizwa.

Niki ukeneye gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo metero ya Dew Point cyangwa transmitter?

Iyo uhisemo ikime cya metero cyangwa ikwirakwiza, ibintu byinshi biza gukina kugirango igikoresho gikwiranye na porogaramu yihariye kandi gitange ibyasomwe neza kandi byizewe. Dore ibyo ugomba gusuzuma:

1. Urwego rwo gupima:

Menya urutonde rwubushyuhe bwikime uteganya guhura nabyo mubisabwa. Menya neza ko igikoresho gishobora gupima muri uru rwego neza.

2. Ukuri:

Ibipimo byawe bigomba kuba bingana iki? Porogaramu zitandukanye zisaba urwego rutandukanye rwukuri. Reba ibisobanuro byigikoresho kugirango urebe ko byujuje ibyo usabwa.

3. Calibration:

Reba inshuro igikoresho gikenera kalibrasi nuburyo byoroshye guhinduranya. Imetero imwe nimwe yo murwego rwohejuru irashobora gufata kalibrasi ndende kandi irashobora no gutanga byoroshye kurubuga rwo guhitamo.

4. Ibidukikije nuburyo bukoreshwa:

Reba imiterere aho igikoresho kizakoreshwa. Ibi birimo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije, umuvuduko, ingaruka zishobora kwanduza, hamwe nubushuhe.
Metero zimwe zubatswe kugirango zihangane n’ibidukikije bikaze, nk’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ikirere cyangirika, cyangwa umukungugu mwinshi cyangwa uduce.

5. Igihe cyo gusubiza:

Ukurikije porogaramu yawe, urashobora gukenera igikoresho gitanga gusoma byihuse. Reba igihe cyo gusubiza metero kugirango urebe ko ihuye nibyo ukeneye.

6. Ibisohoka no guhuza:

Reba uburyo amakuru ava mubikoresho azakoreshwa. Birakenewe kwinjizwa muri sisitemu yo kugenzura? Shakisha ibikoresho bifite ibyasohotse bisabwa (urugero, 4-20 mA, ibisubizo bya digitale) hamwe nuburyo bwo guhuza (urugero, Modbus, Ethernet).

7. Birashoboka:

Niba ukeneye gufata ibipimo ahantu hatandukanye, metero yikigereranyo yikime yikigereranyo irashobora kuba nziza. Kubikorwa byagenwe, transmitter cyangwa urukuta rushyizweho nurukuta birashobora kuba byiza.

8. Inkomoko yimbaraga:

Menya neza ko igikoresho gishobora gukoreshwa neza, haba muri bateri, amashanyarazi, cyangwa andi masoko.

9. Kubungabunga no Kuramba:

Reba ibikenewe byo kubungabunga ibikoresho. Rukuruzi zimwe zishobora gukenera isuku cyangwa gusimburwa buri gihe. Kuramba kwibikoresho nabyo ni ngombwa, cyane cyane mubidukikije.

10. Igiciro:

Mugihe ikiguzi kitagomba kuba ikintu cyonyine gifata umwanzuro, ni ngombwa kubona igikoresho gitanga agaciro keza kubiciro byacyo kandi bikwiranye na bije yawe. Wibuke, igikoresho gihendutse kidafite ubunyangamugayo cyangwa gisaba kubungabungwa kenshi birashobora gutwara amafaranga menshi mugihe kirekire.

11. Impamyabumenyi n'Ubuziranenge:

Ukurikije inganda zawe cyangwa porogaramu, ibyemezo bimwe cyangwa ibipimo bishobora kuba ngombwa. Ibi birashobora kubamo ibipimo biturika, amanota ya IP (kubirwanya ivumbi n’amazi), cyangwa ibyemezo byinganda.

12. Imigaragarire y'abakoresha n'ibiranga:

Reba niba igikoresho gitanga ibintu nko kwinjiza amakuru, gutabaza kubipimo bitarenze urugero, cyangwa kwerekana-umukoresha.

Urebye ibyo bintu, urashobora guhitamo metero yikime cyangwa ikwirakwiza bihuza nibisabwa, ukemeza ibipimo byizewe kandi byukuri mubisabwa byihariye.

Ukeneye Ikigereranyo Cyiza Cyimeza Cyangwa Ikwirakwiza?

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