Igitabo Cyuzuye Cyerekeye Ikirere

Guhumeka ikirere bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa, kandi uyumunsi, wowe na njye tugiye kumenya icyo aricyo, impamvu ari ngombwa, nuburyo gikora. Uru rugendo nurangiza, uzasobanukirwa byimazeyo ikirere, amahame yacyo, ibikoresho, ikoreshwa, nibindi byinshi.

Waba uzi inzira yo guhumeka ikirere? nubwo siyanse kandi igoye, irashimishije kandi ifite akamaro kanini kwisi ya none, aho kubungabunga ibidukikije bifite akamaro kanini cyane. Noneho, waba uri umunyeshuri, umunyamwuga murwego, cyangwa umuntu ufite amatsiko gusa kubijyanye n’ibidukikije, reka twibire mu isi ishimishije y’ikirere.

Gusobanukirwa Ikirere: Ibisobanuro n'ihame shingiro

Ikirere cyo mu kirere ni tekinoroji yo gukosora ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubutaka bwanduye n'amazi yo mu butaka. Ubu buhanga bukubiyemo gutera umwuka mu butaka, akenshi munsi y’igitutu, kugira ngo habeho guhindagurika no kwangiza ibihumanya.

Ihame ryibanze inyuma yikirere kiroroshye. Tekereza effevercence ibaho iyo ufunguye icupa rya soda. Inzira iganisha kumiterere yibyo bituba bisa nibibaho mugihe cyo guhumeka ikirere. Umwuka watewe inshinge ukora nk'ibibyimba, usunika umwanda hejuru yubutaka aho ushobora gufatwa no kuvurwa, bigasukura neza amazi yubutaka nubutaka kuva hasi hejuru.

Ubwiza bwo guhumeka ikirere ni uko bushobora gukorana intoki no gukuramo imyuka y'ubutaka. Mugihe imyuka ihumanya ikirere yibasira umwanda munsi yameza yamazi, gukuramo imyuka yubutaka byita kubihumanya muri zone idahagije, agace kari hejuru yameza yamazi. Iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe, itanga igisubizo cyuzuye kubutaka n'amazi yo mu butaka.

Mubyukuri, guhumeka ikirere ni nkibintu bitagaragara, umuzamu wo munsi, ukora ubudacogora kugirango dusukure ibidukikije. Kandi ibyo, nshuti zanjye, ni isonga rya ice ice. Mugihe turushijeho gucukumbura muburyo bwihariye bwo guhumeka ikirere, uzasobanukirwa nuburyo iyi nzira ifite akamaro kandi ishimishije.

Ibintu nyamukuru biranga ikirere

Ikirere cyo mu kirere cyangwaUmwuka wa gazGira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye, kuva gutunganya ibidukikije kugeza mubikorwa byinganda. Nibikoresho byagenewe gukwirakwiza imyuka mumazi cyangwa ibintu bikomeye, bifasha muri byose kuva kumeneka kwanduye kugeza kubyutsa mikorobe. Dore bimwe mubintu byingenzi biranga ikirere:

1. Igishushanyo n'ibikoresho:Ikirere cyo mu kirere gisanzwe gikozwe mubikoresho bikomeye nk'ibyuma bitagira umwanda, PVC, cyangwa ceramic, byemeza ko bishobora kwihanganira ibidukikije n'ibisabwa bitandukanye. Igishushanyo cyabo gikubiyemo igice kinini cyangwa urukurikirane rwibicuruzwa bito kugirango habeho ibibyimba byiza iyo umwuka cyangwa gaze bitangijwe.

2. Ingano yigituba:Ikintu cyingenzi kiranga ikirere nubushobozi bwabo bwo kubyara utubuto duto. Gutoya ibibyimba byinshi, nubuso bunini bushoboka bwo guhanahana gaze, kunoza imikorere mubikorwa nko guhumeka ikirere hamwe nubuzima bwibinyabuzima muri fermenters cyangwa bioreactors.

3. Uburyo bwo Gukwirakwiza:Ikirere cyo mu kirere cyagenewe gukwirakwiza ibibyimba mu buryo buringaniye, bikwirakwiza gaze imwe. Iri gabana rifasha mu mikorere yimikorere, yaba ihindagurika ryanduye cyangwa ogisijeni mu kigega cya fermentation.

4. Kuramba no Kubungabunga:Urebye ibidukikije bakoreramo, ibirere byo mu kirere bigomba kuba biramba kandi birwanya guhagarara. Ibishushanyo byinshi birimo kwisukura cyangwa bikozwe mubikoresho birwanya gufunga, byemeza neza igihe kirekire no kugabanya ibikenerwa byo kubungabunga.

5. Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere:Ikirere cyo mu kirere gihuza na porogaramu zitandukanye. Birashobora guhuzwa nibyifuzo bikenewe byumushinga, urebye ibintu nkubunini bukenewe busabwa, umuvuduko, umuvuduko w umuvuduko, hamwe nimiterere yikigereranyo gaze irimo.

6. Kwishyira hamwe na sisitemu:Ubushuhe bwo mu kirere mubisanzwe bigize sisitemu yagutse, nka sisitemu yo guhumeka ikirere kubutaka no gutunganya amazi yubutaka cyangwa bioreactor yo gukora imiti. Byaremewe guhuza hamwe na sisitemu, bigira uruhare mubikorwa rusange no gutsinda.

Muri make, ibintu nyamukuru biranga ikirere - igishushanyo cyabyo, ingano y’ibibyimba bakora, uburyo bwo kugabura, kuramba, guhuza n'imihindagurikire, hamwe no kwishyira hamwe na sisitemu yagutse - byose bigira uruhare runini mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’ibidukikije n’inganda.

Ibikoresho byo mu kirere hamwe na sisitemu

Noneho ko tumaze gusobanukirwa icyo guhumeka ikirere aricyo n'ihame ryihishe inyuma, reka twinjire mubikoresho byubucuruzi. Birashobora kugutangaza, ariko ibikoresho byo guhumeka ikirere ntabwo bigoye cyane.

Sisitemu isanzwe yo guhumeka ikirere igizwe na compressor de air, sisitemu yo gutanga ikirere, hamwe numuyoboro wamariba yatewe inshinge, byitwa amariba ya sparge. Compressor, umutima wa sisitemu, itanga umwuka wumuvuduko ukenewe mubikorwa. Sisitemu yo gutanga ikirere, isa nu mitsi, iyobora umwuka uva kuri compressor ukageza ku mariba yatewe, bikora nk'irembo ryubutaka n’amazi yo munsi.

Gushushanya uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere bisaba gusuzuma neza imiterere yihariye yikibanza, nkubwoko bwubutaka, ubujyakuzimu bwamazi yubutaka, hamwe nimiterere yanduye. Sisitemu yateguwe neza izemeza neza kohereza umwuka mukarere kanduye no kunoza inzira yo gukosora. Mubusanzwe, igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo guhumeka ikirere nikintu gikomeye cyerekana intsinzi yayo.

Uburyo bwo Kwangiza ikirere

None, ni gute ibi byose bihurira mubikorwa? Reka tunyure muburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere.

Ubwa mbere, compressor yo mu kirere isunika umwuka mu mariba yo gutera inshinge, zacukuwe mu butaka ahantu hateganijwe kugira ngo zigere ku karere kanduye. Umwuka umaze kwinjizwa mumazi yubutaka, urazamuka, nkibibyimba byinshi muri soda yawe, bigahindura umwanda inzira yacyo.

Mugihe ibyo bihumanya bihinduka biva mumazi bijya muri gaze, bigenda byisanzuye, bimuka bivuye muri zone yuzuye (munsi yameza yamazi) berekeza mukarere katuzuye (hejuru yameza yamazi). Aha niho hifashishijwe ikorana buhanga ryo gukuramo imyuka yubutaka, gufata no kuvura ibyuka byuka.

Ariko, inzira ntabwo buri gihe yoroshye nkuko ishobora kumvikana. Ibihinduka nkubutaka bwubutaka, ubwoko hamwe nubunini bwanduye, hamwe nuburebure bwamazi yubutaka birashobora kugira ingaruka kumyuka yo mu kirere. Urufunguzo rwo gukora neza ikirere ni uguhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere no gusobanukirwa neza n'ibihinduka.

Kurugero, ubutaka bwimbitse bushobora gusaba umuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ukwirakwize neza ikirere, mugihe ubutaka bworoshye, bwumucanga bushobora kuvurwa neza hamwe nigitutu cyo hasi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibyanduye bimwe bishobora guhita bihindagurika kurusha ibindi, bikagira ingaruka kumikorere no kumara.

Nubwo hari ibibazo, guhumeka ikirere nubuhanga bwagaragaye kandi bunoze bwo gutunganya ubutaka n’amazi yo mu butaka. Ninkaho guhumeka umwuka mwiza, muburyo bwikigereranyo, kwisi yisi yanduye.

Uruhare rwimyuka yo mu kirere mubidukikije bitandukanye

Ikirere cyo mu kirere, nubwo cyoroshye mubitekerezo, shakisha akamaro kacyo mubidukikije. Kurugero, muri bioreactor - icyombo gikorerwamo ibinyabuzima - icyuka cyo mu kirere gikora umurimo utagereranywa. Itangiza ibibyimba byiza byumwuka cyangwa izindi myuka, itanga ogisijeni ikenewe mubitekerezo no guteza imbere kuvanga uburyo.

Muri fermenter, ikoreshwa mugukura mikorobe kugirango ikore ibicuruzwa nka byeri cyangwa imiti, uruhare rwa sparger yo mu kirere irasa. Itangiza ogisijeni ikenewe kugirango mikorobe ikure kandi itere imbere, ifasha mugikorwa cya fermentation.

Ibikorwa bya tank nabyo bisaba kenshi ikirere. Yaba ivanga ibintu bitandukanye, itanga ubushyuhe bumwe, cyangwa igatera imiti, imiti yo mu kirere igira uruhare runini mugukora urujya n'uruza ruto rworohereza izi nzira.

Ubwanyuma, reka dukore kuri progaramu ishimishije - hydrocyclone yo mu kirere yagutse. Mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro, ibi bikoresho byihariye bifashisha ikirere kugirango byongere imikorere yo gutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro atandukanye, bigatuma ikoreshwa muburyo bushya kandi bunoze bwo gukoresha ikirere.

Gusobanukirwa Ikwirakwizwa ry'ikirere hamwe no gukuramo imyuka y'ubutaka

Kugeza ubu, umaze gusobanukirwa neza noguhumeka ikirere nkubuhanga bwihariye. Ariko wibuke igihe twabiganiriyeho ni nkumukino wa tag-tsinda? Umufatanyabikorwa wacyo muri iyo mpeta ni ugukuramo imyuka yubutaka (SVE), tekinike yuzuzanya ituma iyi kipe ikosora imbaraga zikomeye mu kuvura ubutaka n’amazi y’ubutaka.

Gukwirakwiza ikirere hamwe no gukuramo imyuka yubutaka hamwe bigira uburyo bwuzuye bwo gukemura. Mugihe ikirere cyibanze kuri zone yuzuye munsi yameza yamazi, SVE yibasiye akarere katuzuye hejuru yacyo.

Guhumeka ikirere bitera guhindagurika kwanduye, kubihindura muburyo bwa gaze. Iyi gaze yanduye noneho yimukira muri zone idahagije, aho SVE ikinira. Sisitemu ya SVE ikuramo iyi myuka yanduye, hanyuma ikavurwa ikajugunywa neza.

Inyungu zo guhuza ubu buryo bubiri ni nyinshi. Iremera gukosorwa byuzuye kandi neza, kurwanya umwanda haba mubutaka n’amazi yo mu butaka, ndetse no muri zone zuzuye kandi zidahagije.

Ingero zifatika zubuhanga ni nyinshi, kuva kuvura peteroli yamenetse kuri sitasiyo kugeza gusukura imyanda. Gukomatanya ikirere hamwe na SVE byagaragaye ko ari igisubizo cyizewe, gikoresha amafaranga menshi kukibazo gishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubidukikije.

Ibiciro byo Kwiruka mu kirere

Ni ngombwa kuri wewe gusobanukirwa nubukungu bwikwirakwizwa ryikirere. Mugihe ubu buryo bwo gukosora butanga inyungu zingenzi zibidukikije, nkibikorwa byose, bizana ibiciro.

Ibiciro byo guhumeka ikirere birashobora guterwa nimpamvu nyinshi. Imiterere yihariye yikibanza nkubwoko bwubutaka, ubujyakuzimu bwamazi yubutaka, imiterere n’urugero rw’umwanda, hamwe n’ibisabwa n’ubuyobozi bw’ibanze, byose birashobora kugira uruhare mu kugena amafaranga yose yakoreshejwe. Ingano nuburemere bwa sisitemu isabwa, harimo umubare nubujyakuzimu bwamariba ya sparge, nabyo bigira uruhare mubiciro.

Guteganya uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere bikubiyemo igenamigambi ryitondewe, gusuzuma neza, no gushushanya sisitemu ijyanye nibyifuzo byumushinga. Nubwo ibiciro byambere bisa nkaho ari byinshi, ni ngombwa gupima ibi bijyanye nigiciro gishobora kwirengagiza umwanda - gishobora kuva ku ihazabu y’amabwiriza kugeza kwangiza ibidukikije.

Byongeye kandi, guhumeka ikirere bitanga inyungu zubukungu. Nubuhanga bukwiye, bivuze ko buvura kwanduza mu butaka bidakenewe gucukurwa, bikagabanya cyane ibiciro bijyanye no gukuraho ubutaka no kujugunya. Mugihe kirekire, ibi birashobora gutuma umwuka uhuha cyane igisubizo cyiza cyane kubutaka no gutunganya amazi yubutaka.

Umwanzuro: Ejo hazaza h'ikirere

Mugihe tugeze ku musozo wurugendo rwacu tunyuze mwisi yikirere, igihe kirageze cyo kureba ahazaza.

Hamwe niterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, guhumeka ikirere bigenda bitera imbere. Udushya mu gishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu, guteza imbere ikirere cyiza cyane, hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse bwo kugenzura byose bigira uruhare mu gutuma ikirere gikora neza kandi neza.

Ibizaza byerekana ko hiyongereyeho guhuza ikirere hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gukosora. Kurugero, guhuza ikirere hamwe na bioremediation - gukoresha mikorobe kugirango yanduze umwanda - bitanga amasezerano akomeye yo gukemura neza kandi neza.

Hanyuma, ntitukibagirwe uruhare wowe na njye dushobora kugira muriyi. Gusobanukirwa no kunganira ikoranabuhanga nko guhumeka ikirere ni intambwe igana ahantu hasukuye kandi heza. Reka dukomeze kwiga, gushakisha, no gukora uruhare rwacu mukurinda isi dutuye.

Mu gusoza, guhumeka ikirere, nubwo igitekerezo cya siyansi na tekiniki, nigikoresho gikomeye mububiko bwacu bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Nubuhamya bwubwenge bwabantu, gukoresha imbaraga zoroshye zumwuka kugirango dusukure isi yacu yagaciro. Urakoze kwifatanya nanjye mururwo rugendo rumurikira mubwimbitse bwikirere.

Kuri ubu, ufite ibikoresho byinshi byo gusobanukirwa ikirere, uruhare rukomeye rwimyuka yo mu kirere, hamwe nibisabwa byinshi. Niba ufite ibindi bibazo, ukeneye inama, cyangwa utekereza gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere, ikipe yacu i Hengko irahari kugirango igufashe.

Hamwe n'ubuhanga bwacu muburyo bwo gushushanya ikirere no kugishyira mubikorwa, turashobora kugufasha guhitamo neza umushinga wawe wihariye. Ntutindiganye kutugeraho; dushishikajwe no kugufasha kuyobora isi ishimishije yo guhumeka ikirere.

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