Ibyambere 12 Porogaramu Kubicumura Byuma Byuma Byungurura

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura, hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi, biramba, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa,

bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byinshi byinganda. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira bikabije

ubushyuhe nigitutu bituma biba ngombwa mubidukikije bisaba neza

no kwizerwa. Hano, turasesengura porogaramu 30 zambere aho ayo muyunguruzi amurika, ashimangira

akamaro kabo murwego runini rwinganda.

1. Gutunganya imiti

Gucumura ibyuma bidafite ingunguruni ifarashi ikoreramo mu nganda zitunganya imiti, zigira uruhare runini mu kwemeza ubuziranenge nubwiza bwibicuruzwa byanyuma. Dore kwibira byimbitse mubikorwa byabo mukuyungurura imiti:

* Kuraho Amande ya Catalizari:

Mubisubizo byimiti, catalizator ikoreshwa kenshi kugirango byihute. Nyamara, izo catalizator zirashobora kumena ibice byiza mugihe cyo gukora. Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe bikuraho neza ibihano bya catalizator biva mubicuruzwa, bikabuza kwanduza ibicuruzwa byanyuma cyangwa kubangamira inzira zimanuka.

* Ibibanziriza n'ibicuruzwa:

Imyitwarire yimiti akenshi ikubiyemo gushiraho ibintu bidakenewe cyangwa imvura igwa mubyiciro bitandukanye. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hatandukanye murwego rwo gukuraho ibyo bibanziriza cyangwa gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byifuzwa bivanze bivanze. Ibi byemeza ibicuruzwa bisukuye hamwe n'umusaruro mwiza kandi mwiza.

* Acide na Solvent Filtration:

Imiti myinshi yimiti ikubiyemo ibidukikije bikaze hamwe na acide ikomeye, shingiro, hamwe na solve. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura, hamwe nibyiza birwanya ruswa, bikwiranye nibi bikorwa. Barashobora kuvanaho ibice nka carbone yakoreshejwe cyangwa kuyungurura itangazamakuru rikoreshwa mugikorwa cyogusukura bitarangijwe nimiti.

Gutandukanya Gazi-Amazi:

Imiti yimiti ikunze kuvanga gaze-amazi. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura birashobora gukoreshwa mugutandukanya ibi byiciro. Akayunguruzo gatuma ibicuruzwa byifuzwa byanyura mugihe ufata gaze ya gaze cyangwa ibitonyanga byamazi. Ibi byemeza ibicuruzwa bisukuye kandi birinda ibibazo byinshi mubikoresho byo hasi.

Urutonde rwihariye rwa micron ya filteri yatoranijwe bizaterwa nubunini bwibice bikenera gukurwaho nurwego rwifuzwa rwo kuyungurura. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bitanga urwego runini rwa micron, bigatuma bihuza nibikenerwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya imiti. Biroroshye kandi gusukura no kuvugurura, gutanga ubuzima burambye bwa serivisi no gukoresha neza ibiciro muri ibi bidukikije bisaba.

Inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umwanda kigira uruhare runini mu gutunganya amavuta, inzira igoye ihindura amavuta ya peteroli mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye bifite agaciro nka lisansi, mazutu, na peteroli. Hano reba neza uburyo ayoyungurura agira uruhare mubicuruzwa bisukuye kandi byujuje ubuziranenge:

* Kwangiza:

Amavuta ya peteroli asanzwe arimo brine (amazi yumunyu). Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo gakoreshwa murwego rwo kumanura kugirango ukureho ubu bwonko mbere yo gutunganywa. Ibi birinda kwangirika mubikoresho byo hasi kandi bikanemeza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa biva mumavuta yanduye.

* Kugarura Catalizator:

Catalizator ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo kuvugurura no kuvugurura mubikorwa byo gutunganya inganda kugirango umusaruro wiyongere hamwe nubwiza. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bifasha kugarura ibyo bintu byingenzi biva mubikorwa. Imbaraga zabo nyinshi zibafasha guhangana nigitutu kijyanye no gutandukanya ibice bya catalizator nibicuruzwa bya peteroli.

* Kurandura umwanda:

Mubikorwa byose byo gutunganya, ibyanduza bitandukanye nkamande ya catalizator, uduce duto twa asfaltene, hamwe ningese bishobora kugaragara mumazi ya peteroli. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura, hamwe na micron ikwiye, ikureho neza ibyo bihumanya, byemeze neza ibicuruzwa byaciriritse kandi byanyuma. Ibi bitezimbere ibicuruzwa, ubuzima bubikwa, nibikorwa mumikoreshereze yanyuma.

Hydrotreating:

Hydrotreating inzira ikuraho sulfure nibindi byanduye mubicuruzwa bitunganijwe nka lisansi na mazutu. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo karashobora gukoreshwa muribwo buryo kugirango ukureho catalizator yakoreshejwe hamwe nizindi ngingo zishobora guhagarika catalizator nshya ikoreshwa mugukora.

Ubushobozi bwibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura kugirango bihangane nubushyuhe bwinshi nigitutu bituma biba byiza kubidukikije bikenerwa n’inganda zitunganya peteroli. Byongeye kandi, kurwanya kwangirika kwa hydrocarbone zitandukanye mumavuta ya peteroli bituma imikorere iramba. Mugukuraho umwanda no gufasha mugusubirana catalizator, ayoyungurura agira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gutunganya amavuta meza kandi meza.

3. Gutunganya gaz

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umuyonga ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano no gukoresha neza gaze gasanzwe. Dore ugusenya uruhare rwabo mugushungura gaze gasanzwe:

* Kuraho umukungugu, umwanda, n'amazi:

Gazi isanzwe ikurwa mu mariba irashobora kuba irimo umwanda utandukanye nkumukungugu, umwanda, namazi. Ibi bihumanya birashobora gutera ibibazo hepfo, nka:

* Gukuramo no kwangiza imiyoboro n'ibikoresho.

* Kubangamira imikorere yo gupima no kugenzura ibikoresho.

* Gukora hydrat (kristu ya ice) ishobora guhagarika imiyoboro no guhagarika imyuka ya gaze.

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurura, hamwe na micron ikwiye, ikuraho neza ibyo bihumanya mumigezi ya gaze. Ibi bifasha kurinda imiyoboro n'ibikoresho, kwemeza gupima neza neza, no kurinda hydrate.

* Kurinda Compressor na Turbine:

Gazi isanzwe ikorwa na compression mbere yo gutwara. Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe bikoreshwa hejuru ya compressor na turbine kugirango bikureho ibice byose byangiza bishobora gutera isuri, kwangiza ibyuma, no kugabanya imikorere. Ibi byongerera igihe cyibi bice byingenzi kandi bigakora imikorere yikigo gitunganya gaze.

* Kwiyungurura gaze ya gazi isanzwe (LNG):

Kubijyanye no gutwara intera ndende, gaze karemano ikunze gutemba (LNG). Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umuyonga kigira uruhare muburyo bwo gukonjesha no gukonjesha mugukuraho umwanda ushobora gukomera no guhagarika imiyoboro cyangwa kubangamira ihererekanyabubasha mugihe cya LNG.

Imbaraga nini kandi biramba byumuyunguruzo wibyuma byungurujwe bituma bikwiranye nibidukikije byumuvuduko mwinshi wo gutunganya gaze gasanzwe. Barashobora kandi kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwa kirogenike bugaragara mubikorwa bya LNG. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gusukurwa no kongera gukoreshwa byiyongera kubikorwa byabo-nganda. Mugukomeza gaze gasanzwe isukuye kandi idafite umwanda, ayoyungurura agira uruhare mubikorwa byo gutunganya gazi yizewe kandi neza.

4. Gukora imiti

Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe ni ingenzi cyane kugirango habeho kutagira isuku no gukora neza mu gukora imiti. Dore ibisobanuro birambuye kuruhare rwabo mugutunganya sterile:

Gukuraho Microbial:

Ibicuruzwa bya farumasi bigomba kuba bitarimo mikorobe nka bagiteri, virusi, n ibihumyo kugirango birinde kwanduza no kurinda umutekano w’abarwayi. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo hamwe na micron yihariye, mubisanzwe murwego rwa 0.1 kugeza 0.2 micrometero, ikora nkimbogamizi yumubiri kugirango ikure mikorobe mumazi, gaze, ndetse ninzira zo mu kirere zikoreshwa mugukora imiti.

* Mbere yo kuyungurura no kuyungurura bwa nyuma:

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma gashungura karashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye byo gukora imiti. Bashobora gukoreshwa mbere yo kuyungurura kugirango bakureho ibice binini mbere yintambwe zikomeye cyangwa kuri sisitemu ya nyuma yo kuyungurura kugirango barebe ko mikorobe idahari mubicuruzwa byanyuma.

* Kuzunguza no gusohora gaz:

Kubungabunga ibidukikije ni ingenzi mu gukora imiti. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurujwe gakoreshwa muguhumeka neza tanki n'ibikoresho, kuvanaho imyanda iva mu myuka ikoreshwa mubikorwa byo gukora, no kuyungurura umwuka wafunzwe ukoreshwa mu gukoresha imashini zitandukanye.

* Inyungu zo Gutunganya Aseptic:

Gutunganya Aseptic bikubiyemo kuzuza ibicuruzwa bidafite ibikoresho mubikoresho bigenzurwa. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umwanda kigira uruhare runini muri iki gikorwa hubahirizwa imyuka ya gaze n'amazi akoreshwa mugihe cyo kuzuza no kubungabunga ikirere cyiza muri zone yuzuye.

Inyungu nyamukuru yo gucumura ibyuma bitayungurura muri iyi porogaramu ni ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwangirika ubwabo. Barashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’imiti ikaze ikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo kuboneza urubyaro nka autoclaving steam cyangwa disinfection. Uku gukoreshwa bituma bakora neza kandi bigabanya kubyara imyanda ugereranije no kuyungurura.

Mugukora ibishoboka byose mubikorwa byogukora, gushungura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gukora imiti yimiti kandi yizewe.

5. Inganda n'ibiribwa

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umwanda kigira uruhare runini mu gutuma ibintu bisobanuka neza, bisukuye, n'umutekano by’ibiribwa bitandukanye by’amazi mu nganda z’ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa. Reka twinjire cyane mubikorwa byabo byihariye:

* Ibisobanuro:

Ibicuruzwa byinshi byokurya byamazi, nkumutobe, sirupe, na vino zimwe, byungukirwa nibisobanuro kugirango bikureho utifuzwa kandi bigerweho neza. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo hamwe na micron ikwiye irashobora gukuraho neza ibyo bice, nka pulp, umusemburo, cyangwa imyanda, udahinduye uburyohe cyangwa impumuro yibicuruzwa.

* Mbere yo kuyungurura Sterilisation:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora gukoreshwa nkintambwe yo kubanza kuyungurura mbere yuburyo nka pasteurisation cyangwa sterile. Mugukuraho ibice binini hamwe nibihumanya, birinda ubusugire bwibintu byo hasi ya sterilisation kandi bikongerera igihe cyo kubaho. Ibi bisobanura kuzigama no kunoza imikorere mumurongo wibyakozwe.

Microfiltration:

Ku binyobwa bimwe na bimwe nka byeri cyangwa vino, microfiltration hamwe na sinteri idafite ibyuma byungurura irashobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho mikorobe yihariye mugihe yemerera ibice by uburyohe byanyuze. Ubu buhanga bufasha kugera ku bicuruzwa bihamye no kongera igihe cyo kubaho utabangamiye imiterere yuburyohe.

* Umutekano n’isuku:

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurujwe kazwiho kurwanya cyane kwangirika no koroshya isuku. Ibi bituma biba byiza kubiribwa bifite isuku nibidukikije. Birashobora gukoreshwa mu kuyungurura amazi akoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye byumusaruro, kwemeza ubuziranenge bwayo no kwirinda kwanduza ibicuruzwa byanyuma.

* Guhindura ibicuruzwa bitandukanye:

Ubushobozi bwo guhitamo igipimo cya micron cyumucyo wicyuma cyungurujwe kibemerera gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwibiribwa byamazi. Kuva muyungurura ruto rwa sirupe kugeza kuyungurura vino nziza, ayoyungurura atanga igisubizo cyinyuranye kubikenewe bitandukanye no kwezwa.

Kuramba kwinshi kwicyuma kitayungurura ibyuma byungurura ibyuma byemeza ko bishobora kwihanganira ubukana bwibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bidukikije. Bihujwe kandi nuburyo bwo gukora isuku ukoresheje isuku yo mu rwego rwibiryo kandi irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, bigatuma iba igisubizo cyiza kandi kirambye cyo kuyungurura inganda. Mugutanga umusanzu mubisobanutse, byera, numutekano wibicuruzwa byibiribwa byamazi, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mugutanga ibinyobwa byujuje ubuziranenge kubaguzi.

6. Gutunganya amazi

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma muyungurura ni ifarashi ikora mu bimera byangiza, cyane cyane mugihe cyambere cyo kuyungurura. Hano reba neza uruhare rwabo muriyi porogaramu:

* Kurinda Ibice Bitandukanye bya Osmose:

Umutima wa sisitemu nyinshi ni desal osmose (RO) membrane. Iyi membrane yoroheje ituma molekile zamazi zinyuramo mugihe zanze umunyu ushonga nibindi byanduye. Nyamara, ibibyimba bya RO birashobora kwangirika biturutse ku mucanga, sili, na algae.

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura, hamwe na micron ikwiye, ikora nka pre-filter hejuru yimbere ya RO membrane. Bakuraho neza utwo duce mu biryo byo mu nyanja, birinda ibibyimba byoroshye kandi bikongerera igihe cyo kubaho. Ibi bisobanurwa kubiguzi byingenzi byo kuzigama, nkuko RO membrane ishobora kuba ihenze kuyisimbuza.

* Kwagura intera yo gufata neza:

Mugukumira ibice bitagera kuri RO, ibyuma byungurujwe bidafite ingunguru bigabanya ububobere. Ibi bigabanya inshuro zogusukura inzitizi zikenewe kuri membrane, biganisha ku gihe gito cyo hasi no kunoza imikorere yikimera.

* Imikorere ihoraho:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bitanga imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe yo kuyungurura. Zirwanya kwangirika kwamazi yo mu nyanja kandi zirashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi uhura nazo mugihe cyo kwangiza. Ibi bituma amazi atangwa mbere yo kuyungurura kuri membrane ya RO, bikagira uruhare mubikorwa rusange bihamye byuruganda.

* Ibyiciro byinshi byo kuyungurura:

Mu bimera bimwe na bimwe byangiza, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bishungura bishobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro byinshi mbere yo kuyungurura. Mu ikubitiro, akayunguruzo hamwe na micron nini nini irashobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho imyanda minini, hagakurikiraho kuyungurura neza kugirango ifate uduce duto mbere ya RO.

Muri rusange, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura byungurura bigira uruhare runini mukunywa mukurinda ubusugire nimikorere ya RO. Ibi bituma ibimera byangiza amazi bitanga amazi meza ava mumazi yinyanja muburyo buhendutse kandi bunoze.

7. Ikirere n'Ingabo

Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora neza n'umutekano wa sisitemu ya hydraulic mu kirere no mu birindiro. Dore ugusenya uruhare rwabo:

* Kubungabunga imikorere ya sisitemu:

Sisitemu ya Hydraulic ikoresha imbaraga zitandukanye mubikorwa byindege, misile, nibinyabiziga bya gisirikare. Kwanduza muri sisitemu, ndetse no ku munota urwego, birashobora gutuma ibice byambara, imikorere mibi, hamwe na sisitemu ishobora kunanirwa. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitayungurujwe, hamwe na micron yuzuye, ikuraho neza imyanda yanduye, umwanda, nibindi byanduza mumazi ya hydraulic. Ibi bikomeza isuku ya sisitemu, bigabanya ubushyamirane no kwambara, kandi bigakora imikorere myiza yibigize hydraulic.

* Kurinda Ibice Byuzuye-Byuzuye:

Sisitemu yo mu kirere no kwirwanaho hydraulic sisitemu akenshi iba irimo indangagaciro zikomeye, moteri, nibindi bice byuzuye. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitayungurura kirinda ibyo bice kwangirika ufata ibice bishobora gutera gukuramo cyangwa kubangamira imikorere yabyo. Ibi byongerera igihe cyibi bice byingenzi kandi bigabanya ibisabwa byo kubungabunga.

* Kwizerwa mubidukikije bikaze:

Indege n'ibinyabiziga bya gisirikare bikorera ahantu hatandukanye kandi bisaba, bikagira ubushyuhe bukabije, umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe no kunyeganyega. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura byubatswe kugirango bihangane nibi bihe bibi. Zitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa kandi zigakomeza uburinganire bwazo, zitanga imikorere yungurura yizewe mubikorwa bya sisitemu.

* Ibicanwa bya lisansi:

Kurenga sisitemu ya hydraulic, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma birashobora no gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya lisansi yindege nibinyabiziga bya gisirikare. Bakuraho umwanda kuri lisansi cyangwa mazutu, kurinda moteri kwambara no gukora neza.

* Guhuza Ibikoresho:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura biraboneka mubyiciro bitandukanye kugirango habeho guhuza nubwoko butandukanye bwamazi ya hydraulic akoreshwa mukirere no murwego rwo kwirwanaho. Ibi byemeza neza uburyo bwo kuyungurura imikorere bitabangamiye ubusugire bwibitangazamakuru byungurura cyangwa sisitemu ikikije.

Ubushobozi bwo gucumura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura kugirango bisukure kandi bikoreshwe rimwe na rimwe bituma biba igisubizo cyigiciro cyibisabwa. Mugukomeza kugira isuku nubusugire bwa sisitemu ya hydraulic na lisansi, ayoyungurura agira uruhare runini mugukomeza kwizerwa, umutekano, no gukoresha neza ibinyabiziga byo mu kirere no kwirwanaho.

Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga

Filtration ya lisansi: Kuzamura imikorere nigihe cyigihe cya moteri yimodoka ukomeza gutanga lisansi isukuye.

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura nibyuma byingenzi mugukomeza ibinyabiziga bigezweho bikora neza kandi neza. Dore kwibira mu ruhare rwabo mu kuyungurura lisansi:

* Kurinda ibice bya moteri:

Uburyo bwa kijyambere bwo gutera ibitoro bushingiye ku kwihanganira neza kugirango moteri ikore neza nubukungu bwa peteroli. Umwanda nkumwanda, ingese, nubunini bugaragara muri lisansi cyangwa mazutu birashobora kwangiza inshinge, pompe, nibindi bikoresho bya moteri. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura, hamwe na micron ikwiye, ikureho neza ibyo bihumanya mbere yuko bigera kuri moteri. Ibi birinda ibice byingenzi kwambara no kurira, kwagura ubuzima bwa moteri no gukomeza imikorere myiza.

* Kwirinda gutera inshinge:

Ibitoro bya lisansi nibintu byuzuye bifite utuzu duto dutanga spray nziza ya lisansi muri silinderi ya moteri. Ndetse uduce duto dushobora gufunga izo nshinge, biganisha ku kudakora cyane, gutakaza ingufu, no kongera ibyuka bihumanya. Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe bifata ibyo bihumanya mbere yuko bigera inshinge, byemeza ko ibitoro bihoraho kandi bisukuye kugirango bitwike neza.

* Guhuza ibicanwa:

Kwiyongera kwifashisha ibicanwa nka biodiesel bivanga mumashanyarazi bitanga ibibazo bishya byo kuyungurura lisansi. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura akenshi byatoranijwe kugirango bihuze nibi bicanwa. Barashobora kwihanganira imiterere yangirika ya biyogi mugihe bakomeza gukora neza.

* Kuramba cyane no kwizerwa:

Ibidukikije byimodoka birashobora kuba bikaze, hamwe no guhindagurika no guhindagurika kwubushyuhe. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bitanga uburebure budasanzwe kandi birashobora kwihanganira ibi bintu bisabwa. Byubatswe kugirango bimare igihe cyimodoka, byemeze gushungura kandi byizewe muri rusange.

* Gukaraba no gukoreshwa (mubihe bimwe):

Ibicanwa bimwebimwe bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora gusukurwa no kongera gukoreshwa, bigatuma bihinduka kandi birambye cyane ugereranije nayungurura. Uku gukoreshwa, guterwa nigishushanyo cyihariye nibyifuzo byabashinzwe.

Mugukora ibishoboka byose kugirango peteroli itangwe kandi idafite umwanda, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza, kuramba, no gukora moteri yimodoka igezweho. Bafite uruhare runini mukubungabunga peteroli, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya, no gutanga uburambe bwizewe bwo gutwara.

9. Amashanyarazi

Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurura ni ifarashi ikorera mu mashanyarazi, igira uruhare runini mu gukonjesha amazi. Hano reba neza uburyo batanga umusanzu w'amashanyarazi meza kandi yizewe:

* Kurinda Abahindura Ubushyuhe:

Mu mashanyarazi, amazi akonje akoreshwa mugukuramo ubushyuhe mubice bitandukanye nka turbine, kondenseri, na generator. Ubu buryo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe ni ngombwa mu gukomeza ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukora no gukumira ibyangiritse. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma gashizwemo gashyizwe muburyo bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha kugirango ikureho umwanda nka: * Umucanga, sili, hamwe nindi myanda ishobora gufunga imiyoboro ihinduranya ubushyuhe no kugabanya uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.

* Algae, mussele, nibindi binyabuzima bishobora gukura muri sisitemu y'amazi akonje kandi bikabuza amazi gutemba.

Mugukuraho ibyo byanduza, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura ibyuma byungurura ubushyuhe neza, bituma amashanyarazi akora mubushobozi bwiza.

* Kwirinda ruswa:

Kuba ogisijeni yashonze, chloride, nandi mabuye y'agaciro mu mazi akonje birashobora gutuma habaho kwangirika kw'imiyoboro, guhinduranya ubushyuhe, n'ibindi bikoresho biri mu ruganda rw'amashanyarazi. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurura karashobora gufasha kugabanya ibi byago ukuraho uduce tumwe na tumwe twangiza kandi tugateza imbere imikorere yimiti yangiza ya ruswa yongewe kumazi akonje.

* Kwagura Ibikoresho Ubuzima:

Amazi meza akonje agabanya kwambara no kurira kuri pompe, valve, nibindi bice muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Ibi bisobanura ibikoresho byongerewe ubuzima, kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga, no kuzamura muri rusange ibihingwa.

* Guhitamo Ibikoresho Kubikenewe byihariye:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura biza mubyiciro bitandukanye, bitanga urwego rutandukanye rwo kurwanya ruswa. Amashanyarazi arashobora guhitamo urwego rukwiye rushingiye kumiterere yihariye y'amazi akonje hamwe nibishobora kwangirika.

* Kuramba mubidukikije byumuvuduko ukabije:

Amashanyarazi akonjesha sisitemu ikora munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bizwiho imbaraga zidasanzwe nubushobozi bwo guhangana niyi mikazo, byemeza neza kuyungurura.

* Guhuza imiti ivura:

Amazi akonje mu mashanyarazi akunze gukoreshwa n’imiti nka biocide na algaecide kugirango igabanye imikurire y’ibinyabuzima. Muyungurura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura mubisanzwe bihujwe niyi miti, itanga uburyo bwo kuyungurura neza mugukomeza sisitemu.

Mugukomeza amazi meza akonje no kurinda ibikoresho kwangirika, gushungura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza, kwiringirwa, kandi umutekano wibikorwa byamashanyarazi.

10. Ibinyabuzima

Umuco w'Akagari Itangazamakuru ryiyungurura: Kugenzura ubudahangarwa n'ubwiza bw'itangazamakuru ry'umuco w'akagari mubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima no kubyaza umusaruro.

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura ni igikoresho cyingirakamaro muri biotechnologie, cyane cyane kubitangazamakuru byumuco utugari. Dore ugusenya uruhare rwabo mukugirango uburinganire n'ubwuzu:

* Kwiyungurura Sterile:

Ubushakashatsi bwumuco w'akagari hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora busaba itangazamakuru ridafite imbaraga kugirango wirinde kwanduza bagiteri, virusi, nizindi mikorobe. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura hamwe na micron yihariye, mubisanzwe murwego rwa 0.1 kugeza 0.2 micrometero, ikora nkinzitizi yumubiri kugirango ikureho ibyo bihumanya mubitangazamakuru byumuco.

* Inyungu ziyungurura:

Mugihe akayunguruzo gakoreshwa gakoreshwa mumico y'utugari, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bitanga ibyiza:

* Ikiguzi-cyiza:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora guhanagurwa no gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, bikagabanya ibiciro bihoraho byo kuyungurura ugereranije no kuyungurura.

* Kuramba:

Gukoresha bisobanurwa kubyara imyanda mike ugereranije no kuyungurura.

* Igipimo kinini cyo gutemba:

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora gukemura umuvuduko mwinshi kuruta gushungura, bishobora kugirira akamaro kanini ibikorwa byimikorere ya selile.

* Mbere yo kuyungurura:

Rimwe na rimwe, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bishobora gukoreshwa mbere yo kuyungurura ibitangazamakuru byumuco utugari mbere yo kuyungurura sterile. Iyi ntambwe ibanziriza kuyungurura irashobora gukuraho ibice binini nkimyanda ya selile cyangwa ibice byitangazamakuru, bikarinda ubusugire bwanyuma bwa sterile ya filteri ya nyuma.

* Kugumana ubunyangamugayo bw'itangazamakuru:

Itangazamakuru ryumuco utugari ririmo intungamubiri zitandukanye nibintu bikura byingenzi kubuzima bwakagari. Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurujwe byashizweho kugirango bigerweho cyane n'itangazamakuru, bigabanye ingaruka zo kwinjizwa cyangwa gutemba kw'ibi bice by'ingenzi.

* Guhuza n'ubuhanga bwo kweza no kuboneza urubyaro:

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurujwe gashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’imiti ikaze ikoreshwa mugusukura no kuboneza urubyaro nka autoclaving yamashanyarazi cyangwa kwanduza imiti. Uku gukoreshwa bituma bakora amahitamo afatika kandi ahendutse kubikorwa byumuco wimikorere.

Mugukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo itangazamakuru ryumuco utagira isuku, ryungururwe ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bigira uruhare runini mubigeragezo byumuco utugari no gutunganya umusaruro mubijyanye na biotechnologiya. Zitanga impirimbanyi zimikorere, kongera gukoreshwa, hamwe nigiciro-cyiza ugereranije nuburyo busanzwe bwo kuyungurura.

11. Gukora Semiconductor

Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bigira uruhare runini mumutima wubuhanga bugezweho - gukora semiconductor. Hano reba birambuye imikorere yabo ikomeye mugutunganya gaz:

* Kubungabunga Ibidukikije-Byera:

Ibikoresho bya Semiconductor byoroheje cyane, bisaba ibidukikije bifite isuku hafi-yuzuye. Ndetse uduce duto duto twanduye dushobora guhungabanya uburyo bworoshye bwo guhimba kandi bigatuma chip idakoreshwa. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurura gakora nk'umurongo wa nyuma wo kwirwanaho, ikuraho uduce duto kugeza ku bunini buto budasanzwe (akenshi ni micrometero 0.08 cyangwa munsi yayo) muri gaze ya ultra-isuku ikoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye byo gukora chip.

* Kurinda ibikoresho bihenze:

Ibikoresho byo guhimba Semiconductor birakomeye kandi bihenze. Kwanduza ibice mubice bya gaze birashobora kwangiza ibyo bikoresho, biganisha kumasaha make kandi bikadindiza umusaruro. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitayungurura ibyuma byerekana ko imyuka isukuye igera ku bikoresho, bikagabanya ibyago byo kwanduza no kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho.

* Isuku ryinshi no guhuzagurika:

Imikorere no kwizerwa bya semiconductor igezweho biterwa nubuziranenge no guhuza ibikoresho byakoreshejwe mugihe cyo guhimba. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura bitanga imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe yo kuyungurura, itanga itangwa rya gazi ya ultra-isuku itunganijwe mubikorwa byose.

* Guhuza imyuka itandukanye:

Gukora Semiconductor ikoresha imyuka myinshi nka azote, ogisijeni, argon, hamwe na gaze zitandukanye. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurura gashobora guhuzwa niyi myuka itandukanye, itanga kuyungurura neza bitabangamiye uburinganire bwimiti ya gaze.

Inyungu Kurungurura Gakondo:

Ugereranije na gakondo ya membrane muyunguruzi, ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura bitanga ibyiza byinshi:

1 Kuramba:

Barashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushuhe bugaragara mubikorwa byo guhimba semiconductor.

2 Kuvugurura:

Ibyuma byinshi byacumuye bidafite ibyuma byungurura birashobora gusukurwa no gukoreshwa, kugabanya imyanda no kugabanya ibiciro byigihe kirekire byo kuyungurura.

Ibiciro 3 byo hejuru:

Barashobora gukemura umuvuduko mwinshi wa gaz zitunganijwe zisabwa muri fab zigezweho (ibikoresho byo guhimba).

Guhitamo Ibikoresho:

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayungurura kaza mu byiciro bitandukanye, hamwe na hamwe bitanga ubuziranenge buhebuje kugirango hagabanuke ibyago byo gusohoka (kurekura imyuka yafashwe) bishobora kwanduza ibidukikije.

Mugukomeza kugira isuku nubuziranenge bwa gaz zitunganyirizwa, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza kandi bihendutse kubyara umusaruro wa kijyambere ya semiconductor, umusingi wibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitabarika twishingikirizaho muri iki gihe.

12. Ubushakashatsi muri Laboratoire

Icyitegererezo cyo mu kirere na gazi: Yakoreshejwe muri laboratoire yo gushungura ikirere na gaze kubushakashatsi nibikorwa bigamije gusesengura.

Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kitagira umuyonga nigikoresho cyingirakamaro mubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire, cyane cyane kubisabwa mu kirere na gaze. Dore neza neza imisanzu yabo:

* Gukuraho Ibice Byisesengura:

Mubice bitandukanye byubushakashatsi, abahanga bakeneye gusesengura ibice bigize ikirere. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo hamwe na micron ikwiye irashobora gufata neza ibyo bice bivuye mu kirere cyangwa gaze. Ibi bituma habaho isesengura ryibice byakusanyirijwe hamwe ukoresheje tekinoroji nka microscopi cyangwa spekitroscopi kugirango umenye ibiyigize n'inkomoko.

* Kurinda ibikoresho by'icyitegererezo:

Ibikoresho bya laboratoire byifashishwa mu gusesengura gaze birashobora kwangizwa n'umukungugu wo mu kirere cyangwa ibintu byangiza. Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bishungura byashyizwe kumurongo wibikoresho bikora nkinzitizi, bikabuza ibice kugera kandi bishobora kwangiza ibice byoroshye.

* Mbere yo kwibanda ku ngero:

Kubisesengura rya gaze, aho ibice bigenewe gaze biboneka mubutumburuke buke cyane, ibyuma byungurujwe bidafite ingunguru birashobora gukoreshwa mbere yo kwibanda. Akayunguruzo gashobora gutega molekile ya gaze yifuzwa mugihe yemerera izindi myuka myinshi kunyuramo. Urugero rwibanze rushobora gusesengurwa neza.

* Sterile Filtration ya Biologiya Ingero:

Mubice bimwe byubushakashatsi, nka microbiology cyangwa bioanalysis, sample sterile na filtration ni ngombwa. Akayunguruzo k'icyuma kayunguruzo hamwe na micron ikwiye (mubisanzwe 0.1 kugeza 0.2 micrometero) irashobora gukoreshwa mugushungura sterile yumuyaga cyangwa gaze irimo mikorobe. Ibi byemeza kutabyara kandi birinda kwanduza mu isesengura ryo hasi cyangwa kugerageza umuco.

1. Kuramba no guhuza imiti:

Ibidukikije bya laboratoire bishobora kuba bikubiyemo imiti itandukanye. Akayunguruzo k'ibyuma byungurura bitanga imiti irwanya imiti kandi irashobora kwihanganira isuku hamwe nudukoko dutandukanye, bigatuma ikoreshwa hamwe nubushakashatsi butandukanye.

2. Uburyo bukoreshwa:

Ibyuma bimwe bicumuye bidafite ibyuma byungurura bigenewe gukoreshwa muri laboratoire birashobora gusukurwa no gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi. Uku gukoreshwa kugabanya kugabanya imyanda ugereranije no kuyungurura kandi birashobora kubahenze mugihe kirekire.

Mugushoboza gukusanya, kubanza kwibanda, hamwe no kuyungurura ingero zumwuka na gaze, ibyuma byungurura ibyuma bidafite ingese bigira uruhare runini mugushigikira ibikorwa bitandukanye byubushakashatsi mubyiciro bya siyansi. Guhindura kwinshi, kuramba, no kongera gukoreshwa bituma biba igikoresho cyingirakamaro muri laboratoire.

Urimo gushakisha Ibintu Byacumuye Byuma Byuma Byungurura

kubice bya Filtration yinganda zawe?

Noneho Reba ibintu bimwe na bimwe, urashobora guhitamo niba Sintered Stainless Steel Akayunguruzo aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kuyungurura

kumushinga wawe:

Ukurikije porogaramu zitandukanye zashakishijwe, dore bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi biranga ibyuma bidafite ibyuma:

1. Kuramba no gukomera:

Bitewe nuburyo bwo gucumura, ibyo bishungura birakomeye bidasanzwe kandi birwanya kwambara no kurira. Barashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bisaba imbaraga nyinshi hamwe no kunyeganyega

.

2. Kurwanya ruswa nziza cyane:

Ibyuma bidafite ingese bizwiho kurwanya ruswa biva mu miti itandukanye, amazi, na gaze bihura ninganda nyinshi.

3. Kwemererwa cyane no gukora neza:

Imiterere yacumuye ituma igipimo cyiza gitemba mugihe gifata neza ibice kugeza ku bunini buto, bitewe na micron yatoranijwe.

4. Kurwanya Ubushyuhe:

Akayunguruzo gashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe butandukanye, uhereye ku bushyuhe buke cyane bukoreshwa muri progaramu ya cryogenic kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bugaragara mubikorwa nko gutunganya amavuta.

5. Kuringaniza ibintu:

Birashobora guhindurwa hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’imiti ikaze, bigatuma bikenerwa mubisabwa bisaba kuyungurura sterile.

6. Gukoresha:

Ibyuma byinshi byacumuye bidafite ingunguru birashobora gusukurwa no gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, bigatanga igisubizo cyiza kandi kirambye cyo kuyungurura ugereranije no kuyungurura.

7. Guhindura byinshi:

Hamwe na micron itandukanye, amanota yibikoresho, hamwe na filteri yibikoresho iboneka, birashobora guhuzwa nurwego runini rwo kuyungurura mu nganda nyinshi.

8. Guhuza:

Bihujwe nubwoko butandukanye bwamazi, gaze, nimiti ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda.

Ntabwo Byizewe Niba Byacumuye Ibyuma Byungurura Byukuri Kubikorwa byawe?

Guhitamo igisubizo cyiza cyo kuyungurura birashobora kuba icyemezo kitoroshye, kirimo ibintu byinshi nko guhuza, gukora neza, nibisabwa byihariye byo gusaba. Niba utazi neza niba ibyuma byungurujwe bidafite ibyuma byungurura aribwo buryo bwiza bwo guhitamo umushinga wawe, cyangwa niba ukeneye igisubizo cyihariye kijyanye nibyo ukeneye bidasanzwe, turi hano kugirango dufashe.

HENGKO kabuhariwe mugushushanya no gukora ubuziranenge bwogucumura ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byungurura byujuje ibisobanuro byabakiriya bacu. Waba ufite uruhare mu bya farumasi, ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, gutunganya imiti, cyangwa izindi nganda zose zisaba kuyungurura neza kandi yizewe, itsinda ryinzobere ryacu rifite ibikoresho byo kuguha igisubizo cyiza.

Ntukemere kubyo ukeneye kuyungurura. Twandikire uyu munsi kurika@hengko.comkuganira kumushinga wawe usabwa. Dutanga ibisubizo byihariye bya OEM kugirango tumenye neza ko sisitemu yo kuyungurura ikora kumikorere yo hejuru, ijyanye neza nibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye.

Reka HENGKO ibe umufatanyabikorwa wawe mugushikira neza filtration nziza kandi nziza. Shikira nonaha, kandi reka dushyireho icyuma cyiza cyungurujwe cyumuti wo gushungura umushinga wawe hamwe!