Mu gihe abatuye isi bakomeje kwiyongera, icyifuzo cy'ibiribwa n'ingufu nacyo kiriyongera. Nyamara, ubuhinzi gakondo ntabwo burigihe burambye kandi burashobora kwangiza ibidukikije. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, hagaragaye ubwoko bushya bw’ubuhinzi buzwi ku izina ry’ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque, buhuza ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba n’umusaruro w’ibihingwa. Muri iyi blog, tuzareba uburyo ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque bukora, inyungu zabwo ningorabahizi, hamwe nubushobozi buzaza.

Guhinga Agrivoltaic ni iki?

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque, buzwi kandi ku izina rya agrophotovoltaque cyangwa APV, ni imyitozo aho imirasire y'izuba ishyirwa hejuru y’ibihingwa kugira ngo itange amashanyarazi mu gihe itanga igicucu ku bimera. Igitekerezo cyatangijwe bwa mbere mu myaka ya za 1980 mu Buyapani, aho ubutaka ari buke kandi buhenze, kandi abahinzi bashakishaga uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ubutaka. Kuva ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque bumaze kwamamara kwisi yose nkuburyo burambye kandi bunoze bwo gutanga ibiribwa ningufu.

Sisitemu ya Agrivoltaic ikubiyemo gushyiraho imirasire y'izuba ku burebure bukwiye hejuru y’ibihingwa kugira ngo itange igicucu mu gihe ituma urumuri rwizuba ruhagije rugera ku bimera. Ubusanzwe imbaho ​​zishyirwa kumurongo wakozwe mubyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu, kandi sisitemu yashizweho kugirango ihindurwe kugirango ihuze nibyiciro bitandukanye byo gukura. Imirasire y'izuba ihujwe na inverter ihindura ingufu za DC zakozwe na panne mumashanyarazi ya AC ishobora gukoreshwa mumurima cyangwa kugaburirwa muri gride.

Inyungu zo Guhinga Agrivoltaic

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic butanga inyungu nyinshi, harimo:

1. Kongera umusaruro wibihingwa

Igicucu gitangwa nizuba ryizuba gifasha kugenzura ubushyuhe no kugabanya gutakaza amazi binyuze mumuka, bishobora gutuma umusaruro wiyongera. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gahunda ya agrivoltaque ishobora kongera umusaruro wibihingwa kugera kuri 60% ugereranije nuburyo bwo guhinga gakondo.

2. Kugabanya ikoreshwa ryamazi

Mugabanye gutakaza amazi binyuze mumuka, ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque burashobora gufasha kubungabunga umutungo wamazi. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu turere twumutse aho amazi ari make.

3. Ibiciro by'ingufu nkeya

Mu kubyara amashanyarazi yabo, abahinzi barashobora kugabanya kwishingikiriza kuri gride no kugabanya ingufu zabo. Rimwe na rimwe, abahinzi barashobora no kubyara amashanyarazi arenze bakayagurisha kuri gride.

4. Kugabanya ikirenge cya karubone

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque bugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bitanga ingufu zisukuye, zishobora kongera ingufu kandi bikagabanya ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

5. Gutandukanya amafaranga yinjira

Mu kubyara ibiribwa n'amashanyarazi, abahinzi barashobora gutandukanya inzira binjiza no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku isoko imwe yinjira.

Ibibazo byo guhinga Agrivoltaic

Mugihe ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque butanga inyungu nyinshi, hari ningorane nyinshi zigomba gukemurwa, harimo:

1. Ibiciro byambere byo gushiraho

Mugihe ubuhinzi bwubuhinzi bushobora gutanga inyungu zigihe kirekire, ibiciro byambere byo gushiraho birashobora kuba byinshi. Igiciro cyo gushyiraho imirasire yizuba nibindi bikoresho birashobora kuba inzitizi yo kwinjira kubuhinzi bamwe, cyane cyane mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere.

2. Kuboneka kubutaka buke

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque busaba ubutaka runaka kugira ngo bukore neza, kandi mu turere tumwe na tumwe, ubutaka bushobora kuba buke cyangwa buhenze cyane ku buryo ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque bushobora kubaho neza mu bukungu.

3. Ibibazo bya tekiniki hamwe nizuba

Imirasire y'izuba isaba gufata neza no gukora isuku kugirango ikomeze gukora neza. Rimwe na rimwe, ibihe byikirere nkurubura cyangwa urubura rwinshi birashobora kwangiza imbaho, bisaba gusanwa cyane cyangwa kubisimbuza.

4. Amakimbirane ashobora kuba hamwe nubundi butaka bukoreshwa

Rimwe na rimwe, ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque burashobora guhangana nubundi buryo bukoreshwa nubutaka, nko kurisha cyangwa amashyamba. Gutegura neza no gufatanya nabandi bafatanyabikorwa birakenewe kugirango ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque budatera amakimbirane.

5. Gukenera ubumenyi bwihariye no kubungabunga

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque busaba aurwego runaka rwubuhanga bwa tekiniki no kubungabunga. Abahinzi bakeneye ubumenyi bwubuhinzi n’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kugirango bakore kandi babungabunge sisitemu ya agrivoltaque neza.

Ibihe bizaza byo guhinga Agrivoltaic

Nubwo hari ibibazo, ubuhinzi bwubuhinzi bufite ubushobozi bwo kugira uruhare runini mubuhinzi burambye mugihe kizaza. Inyungu z'ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque zirasobanutse, kandi uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere no kugabanuka kw'ibiciro, ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque buragenda bugera ku bahinzi ku isi.

Byongeye kandi, ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque burashobora guhuzwa n’ibihingwa n’uturere dutandukanye, bigatuma igisubizo kinyuranye gishobora guhuzwa n’ibikenewe hamwe n’ibihe. Sisitemu ya Agrivoltaque irashobora gukoreshwa muguhinga ibihingwa byinshi, harimo imboga, imbuto, nintete, kandi birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa haba mucyaro no mumijyi.

Guverinoma n'abashinzwe gufata ingamba na bo barashobora kugira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque. Gutera inkunga, inkunga, hamwe na gahunda yo gutera inkunga birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibiciro byo kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga no gushishikariza abahinzi benshi gukoresha gahunda y’ubuhinzi. Politiki iteza imbere ubuhinzi burambye, ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, hamwe no gukwirakwiza karubone birashobora kandi gutuma habaho ibidukikije byiza byo guhinga ubuhinzi.

Kumenyekanisha Ubushyuhe nubushuhe busaba ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaque, buzwi kandi ku izina rya agrophotovoltaque, ni uburyo bushya mu buhinzi burambye buhuza kubyara ingufu z'izuba n'umusaruro w'ibihingwa. Ubu buryo bushya butanga inyungu nyinshi, zirimo kongera umusaruro wibihingwa, kugabanya imikoreshereze y’amazi, hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Kugirango habeho iterambere ry’ibihingwa n’ubuzima, ni ngombwa ko abahinzi bakurikirana ibintu byinshi bidukikije, harimo ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ikoreshwa ry’ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe mu buhinzi bw’ubuhinzi n’uburyo bashobora gufasha abahinzi kongera umusaruro wabo.

1. Akamaro ko gukurikirana ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe

Ubushyuhe nubushuhe nibintu bibiri byingenzi bidukikije bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikurire yubuzima nubuzima. Ibimera bifite ubushyuhe bwihariye nubushuhe bugomba kuba bwujuje kugirango bikure neza kandi bitange umusaruro. Iyo ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe biri hejuru cyane cyangwa biri hasi cyane, ibihingwa birashobora guhura nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, guhangayikishwa n amapfa, cyangwa indwara, bigatuma umusaruro ugabanuka nubwiza bwibihingwa.

Mugukurikirana ubushyuhe nubushuhe mugihe gikwiye, abahinzi barashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye no kuhira, guhumeka, nibindi bintu bidukikije kugirango umusaruro wiyongere kandi utange umusaruro. Nyamara, kugenzura intoki ubushyuhe nubushuhe birashobora gutwara igihe kandi bigasaba akazi cyane, bigatuma abahinzi bigorana gukusanya amakuru neza kandi mugihe.

2. Uruhare rwohereza ubushyuhe nubushyuhe mu buhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic

Ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhenigikoresho cyingenzi mugukurikirana ibidukikije mubuhinzi bwubuhinzi. Ibi bikoresho bifashisha ibyuma bigezweho kugirango bipime ubushyuhe nubushuhe mugihe nyacyo kandi byohereze amakuru muburyo butaziguye muri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Ibi bituma abahinzi bakurikirana ibidukikije mugihe gikwiye kandi bagafata ibyemezo byuzuye bijyanye no kuhira, guhumeka, nibindi bintu bidukikije.

Ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe birashobora gushyirwaho muri sisitemu ya agrivoltaque, bigatanga igenzura ryuzuye ryibidukikije. Birashobora gushyirwaho mubutaka kugirango bikurikirane ubushyuhe bwubutaka nubushyuhe bwubushuhe cyangwa bigashyirwa mukirere kugirango bikurikirane ubushyuhe nubushuhe muri pariki cyangwa ibidukikije.

3. Inyungu zohereza ubushyuhe nubushyuhe mu buhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic

Imikoreshereze yubushyuhe nubushyuhe mu buhinzi bwa agrivoltaque itanga inyungu nyinshi, harimo:

Igisubizo: Gukurikirana-Igihe

Ikwirakwiza ry'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bitanga igenzura nyaryo ry'ibidukikije, bigatuma abahinzi bafata ibyemezo byuzuye bijyanye no kuhira, guhumeka, n'ibindi bidukikije. Ibi bifasha guhindura imikurire yumusaruro no gutanga umusaruro mugihe kugabanya ikoreshwa ryamazi no kugabanya ibiciro byingufu.

B: Gukurikirana neza

Ikwirakwiza ry'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bifashisha ibyuma bigezweho kugirango bapime ibidukikije neza kandi neza. Ibi byemeza ko abahinzi bafite amakuru yukuri kandi yizewe ashobora gukoreshwa mugufatira ibyemezo neza.

C: Kongera ubushobozi

Ikoreshwa ryubushyuhe nubushuhe birashobora kongera imikorere ya sisitemu ya agrivoltaque mugukenera gukurikiranwa nintoki no gukusanya amakuru. Ibi bizigama igihe nigiciro cyakazi kandi bituma abahinzi bibanda kubindi bikorwa byabo.

D: Kunoza ubwiza bwibihingwa

Mugukurikirana ubushyuhe nubushuhe, abahinzi barashobora guhindura ibidukikije kugirango bateze imbere umusaruro mwiza n umusaruro. Ibi birashobora kuganisha ku bihingwa byujuje ubuziranenge bifite uburyohe bwiza, imiterere, ndetse no kugaragara.

Igitangaje, hariho ibyiciro byinshi byubuhinzi. Uyu munsi, twiga kuriagrivoltaicguhinga. Agrivoltaics, izwi kandi ku izina rya agrophotovoltaics (APV), ifatanya guteza imbere ubuso bumwe bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ndetse n'ubuhinzi.

Itsinda ry'abahanga b'Abafaransa bayobowe na Christophe Dupraz ni bo ba mbere bakoresheje ijambo agrivoltaic. Bisobanura cyane cyane iyo imirasire yizuba hamwe nibihingwa byibiribwa byahujwe kubutaka bumwe kugirango bikoreshe neza ubutaka. Nigitekerezo gishobora kuzana ibiryo bitanga urwego rukurikira. Ubushakashatsi bwabo bwakorewe i Montpellier, mu Bufaransa, bwerekanye ko gahunda y’ubuhinzi ishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane: kongera umusaruro w’ubutaka ku isi ushobora kuva kuri 35 ukagera kuri 73%!

Pariki ya agrivoltaque irashobora guhaza ingufu za pariki zubuhinzi kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe, kuhira, n’umucyo wongeyeho. Kandi ibice bitanga amashanyarazi hejuru yinzu ntibishobora gufata ubutaka, kandi ntibizahindura imiterere yubutaka, bityo bushobora kubika umutungo wubutaka. Irashobora kandi guhaza ibikenerwa byo kumurika ibihingwa bitandukanye, irashobora guhinga ibikomoka ku buhinzi-mwimerere, ingemwe z’agaciro, indabyo n’ibindi bihingwa byongerewe agaciro, kongera agaciro k’umusaruro kuri buri butaka n’agaciro kongerewe ku bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi, kandi bikagera ku nyungu nziza mu bukungu . Ubuhinzi bwa Photovoltaque bukoreshwa cyane muguhinga ibihumyo biribwa. Mu myaka yashize, ku nkunga ikomeye ya politiki y’igihugu, kubaka pariki y’amafoto y’amashanyarazi byatejwe imbere mu ntara hirya no hino mu gihugu, kandi icyitegererezo cy’inganda zifotora zifotora n’ifoto zahinduwe kugira ngo habeho umujyi wa “Photovoltaic urya fungus”.

Ibihumyo biribwa ni ibinyabuzima bya hydrophilique. Hatitawe kumera ya spore, gukura kwa hyphae, umubiri wimbuto bisaba ubwinshi bwubushuhe hamwe nubushuhe bugereranije. Amazi asabwa kumubiri wera imbuto yibihumyo biribwa mugihe cyiterambere ni nini cyane, kandi imibiri yimbuto irashobora kuboneka mugihe substrate ifite amazi ahagije. Birashobora kuvugwa ko ibihumyo biribwa bitakaza ubushuhe bidashobora kubaho. Amazi yumuco gakondo aratakara kubera guhumeka cyangwa gusarura, kubwibyo amazi asanzwe aterwa ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze. Ubushuhe mu muco umuco hamwe nikirere birashobora gukurikiranwa igihe kirekire hamwe na termometero na hygrometero. Ubushuhe bwamakuru ni ugupima ubushuhe bugereranije. Urashobora gukoresha hygrometero cyangwa ubushyuhe nubushuhe bushobora gupima itara ryumye kandi ritose.HENGKO imikorere myinshi ya digitale nubushyuhe bwa meteroni inganda, ubushyuhe buringaniye hamwe nubushyuhe bugereranije bwa metero. Hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwo hejuru, LCD nini kugirango byoroherezwe gupimwa, amakuru abarwa buri milisegonda 10, kandi irumva kandi ifite imirimo yo gupima ubushuhe, ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bwikime, amakuru yumye kandi atose, bishobora byoroshye guhuza ibikenewe byubushyuhe nyabwo nubushuhe bwo gupima mubihe bitandukanye.

Ibikurikira nibisabwa nibihumyo bimwe na bimwe biribwa kubushuhe nubushuhe bwikirere bwumuco medium

Usibye ibintu by'ubushuhe, ubushyuhe nabwo bugira uruhare runini mu mikurire y'ibihumyo biribwa. Ukurikije ubushyuhe bwiza busabwa kuri fungeli ziribwa mycelium, zirashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwo hagati n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, bizihutisha guhumeka ibihumyo biribwa kandi bigire ingaruka kumikurire yibihumyo biribwa. Kubera ko ubushyuhe nubushuhe ari ingenzi cyane kumikurire yibihumyo biribwa, kugenzura ubushyuhe nubushuhe nibyo biza imbere. Hariho bitandukanyeubushyuhe n'ubushuheibicuruzwa bikurikirana kugirango uhitemo. Dufite itsinda ryikoranabuhanga ryumwuga ritanga serivisi hamwe na serivisi yihariye yubushyuhe nubushuhe niba ufite icyifuzo cyihariye cyo gupima no gupima neza.

Ubuhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic nuburyo bushya kubuhinzi bakize kugirango bongere ingufu mubuhinzi bafite intego imwe yoroheje nubutaka bumwe bukoreshwa kabiri kubera guhanga udushya. Ubushinwa buri gihe bwashyigikiye byimazeyo politiki yo kurwanya ubukene mu buhinzi, bukayobora abahinzi mu nzira y'ubutunzi binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo kurwanya ubukene no guteza imbere ubuhinzi. Twizera ko ubuhinzi bwa agrivoltaque buzaba bwiza mugihe kizaza!

Umwanzuro

Ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura ibidukikije mu buhinzi bwa agrivoltaque. Zitanga amakuru nyayo, yukuri ashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere ibihingwa no gutanga umusaruro mugihe hagabanijwe ikoreshwa ryamazi nigiciro cyingufu. Mu gukoresha imbaraga z'ikoranabuhanga, abahinzi barashobora gushyiraho uburyo burambye kandi bunoze bw'ibiribwa bugirira akamaro abahinzi n'ibidukikije.

Ushishikajwe no guhinga agrivoltaque? Menya amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe mu buhinzi bwa Agrivoltaic,

Urahawe ikaze kugenzura ibicuruzwa byacu cyangwa kutwoherereza iperereza ukoresheje imerika@hengko.com. tuzakugarukira mumasaha 24-Amasaha.