Isesengura Ryagereranijwe rya Disiki Yibyuma Byinganda

 

Disiki nini cyane, irangwa nimiterere ya pore ihuza imiyoboro, byagaragaye nkibikoresho byimpinduramatwara hamwe nuburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.Izi disiki, zakozwe mubyuma bitandukanye, zitanga ihuza ryihariye ryimitungo ituma biba ingenzi mubikorwa bitandukanye.Akamaro kabo kari mubushobozi bwabo bwo kuba indashyikirwa mu kuyungurura, gukwirakwiza amazi, no gukwirakwiza gaze, mu gihe bikomeza kuramba no gushikama mu bihe bikabije.

Disiki Yibyuma Byinshi: Glimpse muburyo butandukanye

Disiki nini yicyuma ihimbwa hakoreshejwe tekiniki zitandukanye, zirimo gucumura, kurigata, na electrospinning.Izi nzira zituma habaho kugenzura neza ingano ya pore nogukwirakwiza, bigafasha guhitamo imitungo ya disiki kugirango ihuze na porogaramu zihariye.Umubyimba, uri hagati ya 30% na 90%, ugena uburyo bwa disiki yinjira, bigira ingaruka kubushobozi bwo kuyungurura cyangwa gukwirakwiza amazi na gaze.

 

Isesengura rigereranya: Ibyuma bya Disiki nini nibikoresho gakondo

Kugirango tumenye neza akamaro ka disiki yicyuma, reka tubigereranye nibikoresho gakondo bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Kurungurura

Mu rwego rwo kuyungurura, disiki yicyuma igaragara cyane kubikorwa byayo byiza kandi biramba.Imiterere yinini ya pore imitego ihumanya hamwe nibisobanuro bitangaje, ndetse no kurwego rwa subicron.Byongeye kandi, kurwanya kwangirika kwabo nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bituma biba byiza kubidukikije bikaze.Ugereranije nimpapuro cyangwa polymer muyunguruzi, disiki yicyuma itanga igihe kirekire kandi ikagabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga.

Ikwirakwizwa ry'amazi

Disiki nini yicyuma cyiza mugukwirakwiza amazi, kwemeza gutembera kimwe no gukumira imiyoboro.Igenzurwa rya pore geometrie ituma igenzura neza igipimo cyogukwirakwiza nigabanywa ryumuvuduko.Ibi bituma bakora neza mugutunganya imiti, imiti, hamwe nindege, aho gutanga amazi bihoraho ari ngombwa.Ibikoresho gakondo nkibisahani bisobekeranye cyangwa insinga za insinga akenshi birwanira kugera kurwego rumwe rwukuri kandi ruhoraho.

Gukwirakwiza gaze

Disiki nini yicyuma igira uruhare runini mugukwirakwiza gaze, koroshya guhanahana gaze no guteza imbere imiti.Ubwinshi bwabyo hamwe nuburyo bwa pore bihujwe bigabanya kurwanya ikwirakwizwa, bigatuma imyuka yinjira muri disiki byihuse.Ibi bituma bakora ibintu byingenzi mumasoko ya lisansi, bateri, hamwe na sensor ya gazi, aho ikwirakwizwa rya gaze ariryo ryambere.Ibikoresho gakondo nka ceramika yamashanyarazi cyangwa firime ya polymer akenshi byerekana gazi nkeya kandi itajegajega mugihe cyumuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe.

Umwanzuro: Ibyuma Byuma Byuma - Ibikoresho by'ejo hazaza

Disiki ninibamaze kwihagararaho nk'ibikoresho by'ingirakamaro, bahindura inganda zitandukanye hamwe no guhuza imitungo idasanzwe.Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuyungurura, gukwirakwiza amazi adasanzwe, no gukwirakwiza gazi neza bituma biba ingenzi kubikorwa byinshi.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere hamwe nuburyo bushya bugaragara, disiki yicyuma yiteguye kugira uruhare runini mugushiraho ejo hazaza h’ubwubatsi n’inganda.

 

 

1.1 Ibisobanuro bya Disiki Yibyuma

Disiki yicyuma nicyiciro cyibikoresho bya injeniyeri birangwa numuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro.Ibyo byobo, bifite ubunini kuva kuri micrometero kugeza kuri milimetero, bituma habaho kugenzurwa kwamazi na gaze mugihe cyo kuyungurura neza.Disiki nini cyane ikozwe mubyuma nkibyuma bitagira umwanda, umuringa, na nikel, bitanga imbaraga, kuramba, no kurwanya ruswa.

1.2 Uburyo bwo Gukora Disiki Zibyuma

Tekinike nyinshi zikoreshwa muguhimba ibyuma bya disiki, buri kimwe gifite ibyiza byacyo.Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora burimo:

1. Gucumura: Gucumura bikubiyemo guhunika ifu yicyuma muburyo bwifuzwa hanyuma ukayishyushya ubushyuhe buri munsi yo gushonga.Ubu buryo butuma ibice byicyuma bihurira hamwe, bigakora imiterere.
2. Gutera: Gukuramo bikubiyemo guhitamo ibikoresho bivuye mu cyuma gikomeye kugirango habeho imyenge.Ubu buryo butanga kugenzura neza ingano ya pore no kugabura.
3. Electrospinning: Electrospinning ikoresha umurima w'amashanyarazi kugirango ushushanye fibre nziza mumuti wa polymer.Izi fibre zirashobora gucumurwa cyangwa guhuzwa hamwe kugirango zikore disiki yicyuma.

 

1.3 Ibyiza bya Disiki Yibyuma

Disiki ninitanga ibyiza byinshi kurenza ibikoresho gakondo nkimpapuro, polymer, cyangwa ceramic filter:

1. Ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwa Filtration: Disiki yicyuma irashobora gushungura neza ibyanduye mubunini buto cyane, kugeza kurwego rwa subicron.

 

Disiki nini cyane yashyizwe mubyiciro ukurikije ubunini bwa pore, porosity, hamwe nibintu bigize.Dore bumwe mu bwoko bukunze kugaragara:

1. Icuma Cyuma Cyuma Cyuma:

 

 

  

 

Izi disiki zikorwa no gucumura ifu yicyuma mubushyuhe bwinshi.

 

  

 

Disiki yavuyemo ifite ubunini bwa pore nogukwirakwiza, kubikora

 

Byiza Kuri Iyungurura Porogaramu.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Amashanyarazi meza ya disiki:

 

 

Izi disiki zakozwe mugushushanya icyitegererezo mumpapuro zikomeye.

 

Ubu buryo butuma habaho kugenzura neza ingano nubunini,

 

kubikora bikwiranye nibisabwa aho bisabwa neza.

 

3. Electrospun Ibyuma Byuma Byuma:

 

 

Izi disiki zikorwa na electrospinning igisubizo cyibyuma bya nanoparticles kuri substrate.

 

Disiki zavuyemo zifite poritike ndende cyane nuburyo butunguranye bwa pore, bigatuma bikwiranye

 

kubisabwa aho gukwirakwiza gaze ni ngombwa.

 

 

 

4. Impamyabumenyi Yicyuma Cyiza:

 

 

 

Iyi disiki ifite igipimo cyubunini bwa pore kuva hejuru kugeza imbere.

 

Iyi gradient yemerera gushungura neza, nkuko ibice binini byafashwe

 

hejuru yinyuma nuduce duto twafashwe hejuru yimbere.

 

 

 

 

5. Disiki nyinshi zibyuma:

 

Izi disiki zikorwa mugushiraho disiki nyinshi zingana ubunini bwa pore hamwe.

 

Ibi biremera gushiraho sisitemu igoye yo kuyungurura ishobora gukuraho ubugari

 

urwego rwanduye.

 

 

 

6. Gukoresha Disiki Zibyuma:

 

Izi disiki zagenewe gukuramo amazi mu byobo.

 

Ibi bituma bakoreshwa mubikorwa aho ari ngombwa kuri

 

gukwirakwiza amazi neza, nko muri selile na bateri.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. Disiki Yibyuma Byinshi Kubikoresha Biomedical:

 

Iyi disiki ikozwe mubikoresho biocompatible, nka titanium nicyuma.

 

Zikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byubuvuzi, nko gutera amagufwa hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Isesengura rigereranya hamwe na Gakondo ya Disiki

1. Imikorere

Disiki nini yicyuma itanga inyungu zingenzi kurenza ibikoresho gakondo mubijyanye no kuramba, gukora neza, no gukora.

Disiki nini cyane iraramba kandi irashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze, ubushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe numuvuduko ukabije.Ibi bituma biba byiza mubikorwa aho ibikoresho gakondo byangirika vuba cyangwa bikananirana.Byongeye kandi, disiki yicyuma itanga imikorere isumba iyindi yo kuyungurura, gukwirakwiza amazi, no gukwirakwiza gaze.Imiterere ya pore igoye ituma igenzura neza igipimo cyogukwirakwiza nigabanywa ryumuvuduko, biganisha kumikorere myiza murwego runini rwa porogaramu.

 

2. Gukoresha neza

Mugihe disiki yicyuma ishobora kuba ifite igiciro cyambere ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo, igihe kirekire-cyiza-cyiza akenshi kirarenze.Kuramba kwabo no kongera gukoreshwa bigabanya gukenera gusimburwa kenshi, kandi ibisabwa byo kubungabunga bike bikagabanya amafaranga yakoreshejwe.

Igihe kirenze, kuzigama kugabanutse kubungabunga no gusimbuza ibiciro birashobora kurenza ishoramari ryambere ryambere muri disiki yicyuma.Ibi bituma bakora igisubizo cyingirakamaro kubisabwa aho igihe kirekire cyo kwizerwa no gukora ari ngombwa.

 

3.Ibidukikije

Disiki nini itanga ibyiza byinshi bidukikije kuruta ibikoresho gakondo.Kuramba kwabo no kongera gukoreshwa bigabanya kubyara imyanda, kandi ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubyaza umusaruro bikagabanya cyane ibidukikije.Byongeye kandi, disiki yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa birambye, nka selile na bateri, bigira uruhare mubihe bizaza.

Disiki nini cyane ni amahitamo arambye ashobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije no kuzamura ubukungu buzenguruka.Kuramba kwabo, kongera gukoreshwa, hamwe nibisubirwamo bituma bakora amahitamo ashinzwe ibidukikije kumurongo mugari wa porogaramu.

Mu gusoza, disiki yicyuma itanga ibitekerezo bihuza imikorere, gukora neza, hamwe no kubungabunga ibidukikije.Kuramba kwabo, gukora neza, no gukora bituma bahitamo neza kubisabwa, mugihe amafaranga yabo yo kuzigama igihe kirekire hamwe nibidukikije bituma bashora imari irambye.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere hamwe nuburyo bushya bugaragara, disiki yicyuma yiteguye kugira uruhare runini mugushiraho ejo hazaza h’ubwubatsi n’inganda.

 

 

4. Inganda zihariye zikoreshwa no kugereranya

Ikirere

Disiki nini yicyuma igira uruhare runini mubisabwa mu kirere, cyane cyane muri sisitemu yo kuyungurura n'ibigize moteri.Ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije, imikazo, hamwe no kunyeganyega bituma biba byiza kuri ibi bidukikije bisaba.

Sisitemu yo kuyungurura

Disiki nini yicyuma ikoreshwa muri sisitemu zitandukanye zo kuyungurura indege, harimo:

• Filtration ya lisansi: Bakuraho neza ibyanduye mumavuta yindege, bigatuma imikorere ya moteri nizindi sisitemu zikomeye.

• Hydraulic Filtration: Bungurura amazi ya hydraulic, birinda kwambara no kurira kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic no kugenzura neza ibice byindege.

• Filtration yo mu kirere: Bungurura umwuka winjira muri kabine na sisitemu yindege, kubungabunga ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bifite umutekano kubakozi nabagenzi.

Ibigize moteri

Disiki nini yicyuma nayo ikoreshwa mubice bitandukanye bya moteri, harimo:

• Imashanyarazi yaka: Itanga ubuso bunini bwo gutwika lisansi, kunoza imikorere no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.

• Ubushyuhe bwa Shield: Zirinda ibice byoroshye ubushyuhe bukabije nubushyuhe bukabije.

• Abagabuzi ba Flow: Bemeza no gukwirakwiza amazi na gaze, bigahindura imikorere ya moteri.

Imodoka

Disiki nini yicyuma isanga porogaramu nini mubikorwa byimodoka, cyane cyane muri sisitemu yo kuzimya no kuyungurura.

Sisitemu

• Guhindura Catalitike: Disiki nini yicyuma ikora nka substrate ya catalitike ihindura, igabanya imyuka yangiza ituruka kumyuka ya gaze.Zitanga ubuso burebure bwa reaction ya catalitiki, zihindura neza umwanda mubintu bitangiza.

• Muffler: Zongerera urusaku urusaku, bigabanya amajwi yatanzwe na sisitemu yo kuzimya.Imiterere yabyo ikurura neza kandi ikwirakwiza amajwi.

Kurungurura

• Umwuka wo mu kirere: Ibyuma bya disiki binini byungurura umwuka winjira muri moteri, birinda kwanduza ibice byoroshye kandi byemeza imikorere myiza ya moteri.

• Amavuta yo kuyungurura: Bungurura amavuta ya moteri, bakuraho ibyanduye kandi bakanasiga amavuta neza ibice bya moteri.

Gutunganya imiti

Disiki nini yicyuma igira uruhare runini mugutunganya imiti, cyane cyane muri catalizike no gutandukana.

Isesengura

• Inkunga ya Catalizike: Disiki yicyuma itanga ubuso burebure bwa catalizator, ituma imiti ikora neza.Biteza imbere gukwirakwiza ibice bya catalizator no kuzamura ihererekanyabubasha hagati ya reaction na catalizator.

• Imashini ihamye-Ibitanda: Bikora nkibikoresho byo gupakira mubitanda byuburiri-byoroheje, byorohereza imikoranire igenzurwa hagati ya reaction na catalizator.Imiterere ya pore yuburyo bumwe itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gutembera no gukora neza.

Inzira zo Gutandukana

• Filtration: Disiki yicyuma ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyungurura kugirango ikureho umwanda mubicuruzwa bitandukanye bya shimi.Ingano ya pore igenzurwa ituma hatoranywa gutandukanya ibinini biva mumazi.

• Gutandukanya Membrane: Zikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutandukanya membrane, nko gukwirakwiza gaze na pervaporation.Imiterere yabyo ituma habaho gutandukanya imyuka ya gaze cyangwa amazi ashingiye kumiterere yabyo.

Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga

Disiki nini yicyuma imaze kumenyekana mubikoresho byubuvuzi, cyane cyane muri sisitemu no kuyungurura.

Abimurwa

• Gutera amagufwa: Disiki nini yicyuma ikoreshwa mugutera amagufwa, nko gutera amagufwa no gutera amenyo.Imiterere yabyo iteza imbere amagufwa no gukura kwa osseointegration, byemeza ituze rirambye nibikorwa.

• Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Bikora nka scafolds yubwubatsi bwa tissue, bitanga urwego rushyigikira imikurire yimitsi no kuvugurura ingirabuzimafatizo.Imiterere yabyo ituma ingirabuzimafatizo zinjira no gukwirakwiza intungamubiri, bigatera ingirabuzimafatizo.

Sisitemu yo kuyungurura

• Amaraso Yuzuza Amaraso: Disiki zicyuma zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyungurura amaraso, nka filimi ya hemodialyse.Ingano yazo igenzurwa ituma hakurwaho umwanda uva mumaraso mugihe ugumana ibice byingenzi byamaraso.

• Sisitemu yo Gutanga Ibiyobyabwenge: Byinjijwe muri sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge, nka stent hamwe nogutera.Imiterere yabyo ituma irekurwa ryimiti igenzurwa, itanga ubuvuzi bwibanze kubuvuzi bwihariye.

 

 

Ibiranga Icuma Cyuma Cyuma Cyuma

 

Disiki yamenetse yicyuma igenda ikundwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda kubera imiterere yihariye nibyiza.Byakozwe no gucumura ifu yicyuma kubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ikora imiterere yuzuye ifite ubunini bwa pore hamwe nogukwirakwiza.Iyi miterere ituma biba byiza kubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo:

* Kurungurura: Disiki yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi irashobora gukoreshwa mugushungura ibintu byinshi byamazi, harimo amavuta, gaze, na slurries.Zifite akamaro mugukuraho umwanda muri ayo mazi, bigatuma biba byiza gukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda bisaba ubuziranenge bwo hejuru.
* Gukwirakwiza ibicurane: Disiki yamashanyarazi irashobora gukoreshwa mugukwirakwiza neza amazi hejuru yubuso.Ibi bituma biba byiza mubisabwa nka selile ya lisansi na bateri, aho ari ngombwa gukwirakwiza amazi neza kugirango barusheho gukora neza.
* Kwimura ubushyuhe: Disiki yamashanyarazi irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wohereze ubushyuhe kuva hejuru ujya mubindi.Zifite akamaro mu kuyobora ubushyuhe, bigatuma biba byiza mubikorwa nko guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe.

Usibye kumikorere yabyo, ibyuma byuma byuma byacuzwe nabyo bitanga ibyiza byinshi kubikoresho gakondo, nka:

* Kuramba cyane: Icuma cyuma cyuma cyuma kiramba kandi kirashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze.Zirwanya ruswa, isuri, no kwambara no kurira.

* Ubushobozi buhanitse: Disiki yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi ikora neza mugushungura amazi, gukwirakwiza amazi, no guhererekanya ubushyuhe.Birashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere imikorere yinganda zitandukanye.
* Kongera gukoreshwa: Disiki yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, bigatuma igisubizo kiboneka neza.
* Biocompatibilité (kubikoresho bimwe): Disiki zimwe zicumuye zicyuma zikozwe mubikoresho biocompatible, nka titanium nicyuma kitagira umwanda.Ibi bituma biba byiza gukoreshwa mubuvuzi nibikoresho.

Gusa ibibi byingenzi bya disiki yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi nigiciro cyambere cyambere ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo.Nyamara, amafaranga yabo yo kuzigama igihe kirekire, kubera kongera gukoreshwa no kuramba, arashobora kwishyura iki giciro cyambere.

Muri rusange, ibyuma byacuzwe byuma bya disiki nibintu byinshi kandi bifite agaciro bishobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha inganda.Imiterere yihariye nibyiza bituma bahitamo neza kubisabwa bisaba kuramba, gukora neza, no gukora.

 

Inyigo Yurugero Nukuri-Isi Ingero

hano hari ubushakashatsi burambuye bwerekana imikorere ya disiki yicyuma ikoreshwa muburyo bwihariye, hamwe no kugereranya nigihe ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshejwe mubihe bisa:

Inyigo ya 1: Filtration ya selile

Ikibazo: Muri selile ya lisansi, ibyanduza mumigezi ya gaze birashobora gufunga electrode no kugabanya imikorere.Akayunguruzo gakondo gakoreshwa mugukuraho ibyo bihumanya, ariko birashobora gufungwa vuba kandi bigasaba gusimburwa kenshi.

Igisubizo: Disiki nini yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa mugushungura gazi muma selile.Ubwinshi bwabyo hamwe nubunini bwa pore bugenzurwa bibafasha gukuraho neza umwanda utagabanije cyane umuvuduko wa gaze.Byongeye kandi, ibyuma bya disiki biramba cyane kandi birashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze bya selile.

Ibisubizo: Ikoreshwa rya disiki yicyuma mumasoko ya lisansi yatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mubikorwa no kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga.Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, gukoresha disiki zibyuma byongereye ingufu za selile 10% kandi bigabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga 50%.

Kugereranya: Ugereranije nimpapuro gakondo zungurura, disiki yicyuma itanga ibyiza byinshi.Biraramba cyane, birakora neza, kandi bisaba gusimburwa kenshi.Ibi bituma bakora igisubizo cyiza cyane cyo gushungura lisansi.

 

Inyigo ya 2: Umuyoboro wa Sisitemu

Ikibazo: Imashini zisanzwe za sisitemu zisanzwe zikoresha fiberglass cyangwa ubwoya bwa ceramic nkibikoresho bikurura amajwi.Ariko, ibyo bikoresho birashobora gutesha agaciro igihe kandi bigahinduka bike.Byongeye kandi, birashobora guteza inkongi y'umuriro.

Igisubizo: Disiki nini yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bikurura amajwi mumashanyarazi ya sisitemu.Imiterere yabyo ikurura neza kandi ikwirakwiza amajwi.Byongeye kandi, disiki yicyuma iraramba cyane kandi irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nigitutu cya sisitemu.

Ibisubizo: Gukoresha disiki yicyuma mumashanyarazi ya sisitemu yatumye habaho kugabanuka gukabije kw urusaku.Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, gukoresha disiki zibyuma byagabanije urusaku rugera kuri 10 dB.

Kugereranya: Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo bikurura amajwi, disiki yicyuma itanga ibyiza byinshi.Biraramba cyane, bigira ingaruka nziza mukugabanya urusaku rw urusaku, kandi bitera ingaruka nke zumuriro.Ibi bituma bakora igisubizo cyifuzwa kuri sisitemu ya sisitemu.

 

Inyigo ya 3: Kwuzuza Amaraso muri Hemodialyse

Ikibazo: Muri hemodialyse, amaraso anyuzwa muyungurura kugirango akureho umwanda.Gakondo ya dialyse muyunguruzi akenshi ikoresha selile ya selile nkibikoresho byo kuyungurura.Nyamara, selile ya selulose irashobora kwanduzwa kandi birashobora kugorana kuyisukura.

Igisubizo: Disiki nini yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kuyungurura mumashanyarazi ya hemodialyse.Ingano yazo igenzurwa ibafasha gukuramo umwanda mumaraso mugihe bagumana ibice byingenzi byamaraso.Byongeye kandi, disiki yicyuma iraramba cyane kandi irashobora guhanagurwa byoroshye.

Ibisubizo: Gukoresha disiki yicyuma mumashanyarazi ya hemodialyse yatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mubwiza bwo kuvura dialyse.Mu bushakashatsi bumwe, gukoresha disiki zibyuma byagabanije urugero rwumwanda mumaraso kugera kuri 50%.

Kugereranya: Ugereranije na selile gakondo ya selile, disiki yicyuma itanga ibyiza byinshi.Biraramba cyane, bigira ingaruka nziza mugukuraho umwanda, kandi birashobora gusukurwa byoroshye.Ibi bituma bakora igisubizo cyifuzwa kuri hemodialysis muyunguruzi.

Izi nyigisho zerekana imikorere ya disiki yicyuma muburyo butandukanye.Imiterere yihariye nibyiza bigira ibikoresho byingirakamaro mubikorwa byinshi byinganda nubuvuzi.

Nizere ko aya makuru ari ingirakamaro.Nyamuneka umenyeshe niba ufite ibindi bibazo.

 

 

Ongera usubiremo ibyingenzi bivuye mubisesengura

Ubushakashatsi bwacu mwisi ya disiki yicyuma cyerekanye ibintu byinshi byingenzi.Byibanze, disiki yicyuma itanga inyungu zidasanzwe kurenza ibikoresho gakondo mubikorwa bitandukanye bitewe nigihe kirekire, imikorere, nibikorwa.Kubijyanye nimikorere, iyi disiki igaragara mubidukikije bigoye, itanga igihe kirekire kandi ikarwanya neza ibihe bikabije.Ikiguzi-cyiza nikindi gice cyerekana disiki yicyuma kimurika, gitanga kuzigama igihe kirekire nubwo bishoboka ko byambere byambere.Byongeye kandi, ingaruka z’ibidukikije ntizigaragara nabi, zihuza neza n’ibikenerwa n’inganda zirambye.

 

Ibitekerezo byanyuma kuruhare rwibyuma bya disiki ikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda

Disiki nini yicyuma ntabwo igizwe gusa;barimo guhinduranya ibintu mubikorwa byinganda.Kuva mu kirere kugera ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi, iyi disiki ishyiraho ibipimo bishya byo gukora no kwizerwa.Guhuza n'imikorere yabyo bituma biba byiza muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, byerekana ihinduka rikomeye muburyo inganda zegera guhitamo ibikoresho.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, turashobora guteganya kurushaho kwinjiza disiki zicyuma mumashanyarazi mashya kandi agashya, kurushaho gushimangira akamaro kayo mubijyanye n'inganda.

 

Ufite ibitekerezo kubijyanye nigihe kizaza cya disiki yicyuma?Wigeze uhura nibibazo bidasanzwe cyangwa intsinzi mugukoresha muruganda rwawe?

Ahari ufite ibibazo bijyanye nimiterere yabyo, uburyo bwo gukora, cyangwa imikoreshereze yihariye?

Ndagutera inkunga yo kutugezaho inkuru, ibibazo, nubushishozi.

Nyamuneka wegera ukoresheje imeri kurika@hengko.com.

Igitekerezo cyawe ntabwo cyakiriwe gusa;ni ngombwa mu kwagura ibiganiro byacu no kongera ubumenyi

kubyerekeranye nibice byinshi kandi byingenzi mubikorwa bigezweho.